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據ICIS-MRC網站9月18日莫斯科MRC報道，據路透社援引行業高管的話報道稱，新冠疫情造成的經濟創傷促使能源公司加大了對可再生能源、氫和其他低碳替代品的投資，但化石燃料將在可預見的未來成為其主導業務。

從(cong)疫情(qing)開(kai)始，全球石油消費在第二季度(du)下(xia)降了20%以(yi)上(shang)，價格達(da)到了幾十年來(lai)的最低水平，這使(shi)得公司重(zhong)新思考他們應該以(yi)多快的速度(du)擺脫(tuo)對石油和天然(ran)氣的依(yi)賴。

馬國油(Petronas)執行(xing)副總(zong)裁兼下游首席執行(xing)官Arif Mahmood總(zong)結道，能源(yuan)轉型將更快地推進(jin)。

這家(jia)馬來(lai)西亞國(guo)有能(neng)源公司公布今(jin)年4月(yue)-6月(yue)虧(kui)損50億美(mei)元(yuan)，并成立了一個(ge)團(tuan)隊來(lai)重塑其(qi)業務組合，并擴大太陽能(neng)和(he)風能(neng)用于發電。

馬(ma)來西(xi)亞(ya)是世界第四大液化天然(ran)氣出(chu)口(kou)國，馬(ma)國油將維持其“天然(ran)氣議程”，Arif表示，該(gai)公司即將在(zai)馬(ma)來西(xi)亞(ya)的第二家(jia)浮動液化天然(ran)氣工廠開(kai)始運(yun)營，并正在(zai)加(jia)拿(na)大建立液化天然(ran)氣合資企(qi)業。

英國石油(BP)等石油巨(ju)頭制定了雄(xiong)心勃勃的(de)目標(biao)，而中國國家能(neng)源公司則開發可再生能(neng)源，因為(wei)其(qi)繼續將(jiang)碳氫化合物作為(wei)中國能(neng)源安全需求(qiu)的(de)優先事項(xiang)。

除了擴展到(dao)用(yong)于發電(dian)的(de)太陽能(neng)和風能(neng)之(zhi)外，更多的(de)能(neng)源公司也在研(yan)究天然(ran)氣(qi)產生(sheng)的(de)藍色氫(qing)并(bing)使用(yong)碳捕集與封存（CCS）來(lai)減少過程中(zhong)的(de)排放(fang)。氫(qing)氣(qi)可用(yong)于發電(dian)廠和燃料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)車(che)輛。

荷蘭皇家殼牌(pai)原(yuan)油貿(mao)易和供(gong)應副總裁(cai)馬克?夸特曼在(zai)(zai)會議上表示，該公司參與了生物(wu)甲(jia)烷、生物(wu)燃(ran)料和氫的生產，并在(zai)(zai)CCS方面做了“重要(yao)的工作”，因(yin)為該能源巨頭在(zai)(zai)能源轉(zhuan)型和核心碳氫化合物(wu)業務之間取得了平衡。

Quartmain表示，我們(men)必須確保我們(men)不會忽視石油和(he)天然氣(qi)仍將是必不可少的化石燃料這(zhe)一事實，然后補充道，未(wei)來的發展將更加關注氣(qi)候變化和(he)能源過(guo)渡(du)。

Quartermain稱，就能源(yuan)轉型而(er)言(yan)，我們需要進入這(zhe)些市場。

大宗商品貿易商維(wei)多（Vitol）和花旗集團（Citigroup）的(de)研究主(zhu)管預計CCS將成為下(xia)一個關鍵的(de)發(fa)展領域(yu)。

維多全球研究主管Giovanni Serio表示，短期內氫和碳捕集更(geng)有(you)可能促進脫碳。他呼吁業界在(zai)CCS上進行更(geng)多投資。

花旗集(ji)團董事(shi)總經理兼(jian)大宗商品研(yan)究(jiu)全球(qiu)主管埃(ai)德(de)·莫(mo)爾斯表示，一(yi)些(xie)國家(jia)正(zheng)在尋找通過信用(yong)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)其他機制(zhi)為碳定價的(de)方法(fa)……這是碳捕集(ji)真正(zheng)需(xu)要的(de)東西。

不過(guo)，莫爾斯稱(cheng)，氫能(neng)(neng)的成本結構(gou)還不夠(gou)具有競爭力(li)……它(ta)存在，但(dan)可能(neng)(neng)會在十(shi)年后終結。

行(xing)業(ye)(ye)高管在(zai)(zai)(zai)APPEC表示(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)煉油和石(shi)化(hua)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)，企業(ye)(ye)正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)探(tan)索生物燃料(liao)(liao)，為在(zai)(zai)(zai)新冠疫情中更廣(guang)泛使用的產(chan)品生產(chan)化(hua)學品，如手(shou)套和可回收材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。

正如MRC之前所(suo)告知，殼(ke)牌最近宣布將(jiang)替(ti)換其位于荷蘭Moerdijk石化廠的(de)乙烯蒸(zheng)汽裂解爐，以減少(shao)溫室氣(qi)體排放。

郝(hao)芬譯自(zi)ICIS-MRC

原文如下:

Pandemic reset pushes energy firms toward renewables,hydrogen

The economic trauma caused by the coronavirus pandemic has pushed energy companies to step-up investment in renewables,hydrogen and other low carbon alternatives,but fossil fuels will be their dominant business for the foreseeable future,reported Reuters with reference to industry executives'statement.

Reeling from the onset of the pandemic,global oil consumption shrank by more than 20%in the second quarter and prices hit their lowest in decades,making companies rethink how fast they should make the transition away from reliance on oil and gas.

"Everyone's talking about this great reset...What do we need to do to survive this?"Arif Mahmood,Petronas'executive vice president and CEO of downstream,"Energy transition will be pushed forward much faster,"he concluded.

The Malaysian state energy company posted a USD5 billion loss in April-June and has set up a team to reshape its portfolio and expand in solar and wind for power generation.

Malaysia is the world's fourth largest exporter of LNG,and Petronas would maintain its"gas agenda",Arif said,noting that the company was about to begin operations at a second floating LNG plant in Malaysia,and it was also working on an LNG joint venture in Canada.

Oil majors such as BP have set ambitious targets while Chinese state energy companies tiptoed into renewables as they continue to prioritize hydrocarbons for China's energy security needs.

Besides expanding into solar and wind for power generation,more energy companies are researching blue hydrogen produced from natural gas and using carbon capture and storage(CCS)to reduce emissions in the process.The hydrogen could be used in power plants and fuel cell vehicles.

Royal Dutch Shell is involved in biomethane,biofuels and hydrogen and has done"significant work"on CCS as the energy major strikes a balance between energy transition and its core hydrocarbons business,Mark Quartermain,Shell's vice president of crude trading&supply,told the conference.

"We've got to make sure we don't ignore the fact that oil and gas are going to remain essential fossil fuels,"Quartmain said,before adding that going forward there will greater focus on climate change and energy transition.

"When it comes to energy transition we need to be in these markets,"Quartermain said.

Heads of research at commodity trader Vitol and Citigroup expect CCS to be the next key area of development.

"Hydrogen and carbon capture are more likely in short term to be contributing to decarbonization,"Giovanni Serio,Vitol's global head of research,said,calling on the industry to invest more in CCS.

"Some countries are finding ways through credit systems and other mechanisms to price carbons...It's what's really needed for carbon capture to take off,"Ed Morse,managing director and global head of commodities research at Citigroup said.

However,"the cost structure of hydrogen is just not competitive enough...it's there but it could be end of the decade phenomenon,"Morse said.

In the refining and petrochemical sectors,companies are exploring biofuels,producing chemicals for products that are more widely used in the pandemic such as gloves and for recyclable materials,industry executives said at APPEC.

As MRC informed before,Shell has recently announced that it will replace the ethylene steam cracker furnaces at its Moerdijk petrochemicals complex,The Netherlands,in a move that will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions.