近日,中電聯發布2021年一季度全國電力供需形勢分析預測報告,報告指出,一季度,全國新增發電裝機容量2351萬千瓦,同比增加996萬千瓦。截至3月底,全國全口徑水電裝機容量3.7億千瓦、火電12.6億千瓦、核電5104萬千瓦、并網風電2.9億千瓦、并網太陽能發電裝機2.6億千瓦。
原文如下:
2021年一季度全(quan)國電(dian)力供需形勢分析預測報告(gao)
一季度,面對冬春疫(yi)(yi)情(qing)考驗和外部環境的(de)(de)不確(que)定性,在以習近平同志為(wei)核心的(de)(de)黨中(zhong)央堅強(qiang)領導下,全國上下認真貫(guan)徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)黨中(zhong)央、國務院決策(ce)部署,鞏固拓(tuo)展疫(yi)(yi)情(qing)防(fang)控和經(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展成果,科學精準實(shi)施宏觀政策(ce),經(jing)(jing)濟運(yun)行穩中(zhong)加固、穩中(zhong)向好(hao),國民經(jing)(jing)濟開局良好(hao)。電力(li)(li)行業(ye)為(wei)疫(yi)(yi)情(qing)防(fang)控和經(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展提供(gong)堅強(qiang)電力(li)(li)保障(zhang),用電量快速增長,經(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展對電力(li)(li)的(de)(de)消費需求恢復至疫(yi)(yi)情(qing)前的(de)(de)平穩較快增長水平。
一、2021年(nian)一季度全(quan)國電力供需情(qing)況
(一)電力消費需求(qiu)情況
一季(ji)度(du),全(quan)(quan)(quan)國全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)量1.92萬億千瓦時,同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)21.2%,上年(nian)(nian)同(tong)(tong)期疫情形成的低基數是用電(dian)量高速增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的最主要原因。與2019年(nian)(nian)一季(ji)度(du)相(xiang)比(bi),全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)14.4%,兩年(nian)(nian)平均增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)7.0%,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速比(bi)2019年(nian)(nian)同(tong)(tong)期提高1.5個百分點(dian)。分月看,1-2月、3月全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)量同(tong)(tong)比(bi)分別增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)22.2%、19.4%,兩年(nian)(nian)平均增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速分別為6.7%、7.6%。全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)量同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速及兩年(nian)(nian)平均增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速情況反(fan)映出(chu)我(wo)國經濟呈現穩定恢復態(tai)勢。
一是第一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比增(zeng)長(chang)26.4%,兩年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)增(zeng)長(chang)14.6%。一季度,第一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)210億千瓦時(shi),同比增(zeng)長(chang)26.4%,兩年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)增(zeng)長(chang)14.6%,增(zeng)速(su)比2019年(nian)(nian)同期(qi)提高7.8個百分點。第一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)實現快速(su)增(zeng)長(chang),一方面(mian)是近年(nian)(nian)來國家(jia)持續加大農網(wang)改造升(sheng)級力度,鄉(xiang)村(cun)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)條件明顯改善,促(cu)進(jin)第一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)潛(qian)力釋(shi)放(fang);另一方面(mian)是脫貧攻堅成果鞏固拓展,鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興全面(mian)推(tui)進(jin),鄉(xiang)村(cun)經濟發展帶動用(yong)電(dian)(dian)增(zeng)長(chang)。
二是第二產業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長24.1%,兩(liang)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長7.4%。一(yi)季度(du),第二產業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量1.26萬億千瓦時,同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長24.1%,兩(liang)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長7.4%,增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)2019年(nian)同(tong)期提高(gao)(gao)4.4個百分點。制造業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長26.6%,兩(liang)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長7.8%,其中(zhong),高(gao)(gao)技(ji)術(shu)及裝備制造業(ye)(ye)、消費品(pin)制造業(ye)(ye)、其他制造業(ye)(ye)行業(ye)(ye)、四(si)大(da)高(gao)(gao)載能行業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)分別為44.0%、34.7%、30.7%、18.9%,兩(liang)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)分別為10.3%、5.7%、9.0%、7.1%。高(gao)(gao)技(ji)術(shu)及裝備制造業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)明顯高(gao)(gao)于同(tong)期制造業(ye)(ye)平(ping)均(jun)水平(ping),連續三個季度(du)保(bao)持兩(liang)位(wei)數(shu)增(zeng)(zeng)長,是當前工業(ye)(ye)高(gao)(gao)質量發展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)展(zhan)(zhan)現出(chu)來(lai)的一(yi)大(da)亮(liang)點。
三(san)是(shi)第(di)三(san)產業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)量同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)28.2%,兩(liang)(liang)年(nian)平均增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)7.9%。一(yi)季度,第(di)三(san)產業(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)量3331億(yi)千瓦時,同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)28.2%,兩(liang)(liang)年(nian)平均增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)7.9%,增(zeng)速(su)比2019年(nian)同(tong)期低2.2個百分點。受(shou)上年(nian)同(tong)期低基數影響,租賃和(he)(he)商務(wu)服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(42.5%)、批發和(he)(he)零售業(ye)(ye)(41.7%)、住(zhu)宿和(he)(he)餐(can)飲業(ye)(ye)(40.7%)、房地(di)產業(ye)(ye)(30.5%)用(yong)電(dian)量同(tong)比增(zeng)速(su)超過30%。依托(tuo)大數據(ju)、云計算、物聯網等新技術快(kuai)速(su)推(tui)廣(guang)應用(yong),信息傳輸/軟件和(he)(he)信息技術服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)延續(xu)快(kuai)速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢頭,兩(liang)(liang)年(nian)平均增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)26.5%。得益于電(dian)動汽車的迅猛發展,充換電(dian)服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)持續(xu)保持高(gao)速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),兩(liang)(liang)年(nian)平均增(zeng)速(su)達到92.2%。
四是城鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)(ju)民(min)生(sheng)活用(yong)電(dian)量同比(bi)增長(chang)4.7%,兩年(nian)平(ping)均增長(chang)3.9%。一季度,城鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)(ju)民(min)生(sheng)活用(yong)電(dian)量3053億(yi)千瓦(wa)時,同比(bi)增長(chang)4.7%,兩年(nian)平(ping)均增長(chang)3.9%,受1月中旬以來氣(qi)溫明(ming)顯偏暖因素影響,居(ju)(ju)民(min)生(sheng)活用(yong)電(dian)量增速明(ming)顯低于往年(nian)水平(ping),兩年(nian)平(ping)均增速比(bi)2019年(nian)同期低7.2個百分點。
五(wu)是(shi)各地(di)區同比(bi)增(zeng)速(su)(su)均超過10%,西(xi)部和(he)東部地(di)區兩(liang)(liang)年平均增(zeng)速(su)(su)相對(dui)領先。一季度,東、中、西(xi)部和(he)東北(bei)(bei)地(di)區全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)同比(bi)分別(bie)增(zeng)長24.5%、22.3%、18.1%、10.4%;兩(liang)(liang)年平均增(zeng)速(su)(su)分別(bie)為(wei)7.1%、4.8%、8.7%、4.7%。29個(ge)省份(fen)全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)速(su)(su)超過10%,其中,湖北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)藏、浙江、廣(guang)東、云南5個(ge)省份(fen)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)速(su)(su)超過30%;31個(ge)省份(fen)全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)兩(liang)(liang)年平均增(zeng)速(su)(su)均為(wei)正增(zeng)長,其中,云南、西(xi)藏、山東、廣(guang)西(xi)4個(ge)省份(fen)兩(liang)(liang)年平均增(zeng)速(su)(su)超過10%。
(二)電(dian)力生產供應情況
截至3月底(di),全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)22.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),同比(bi)增長(chang)9.4%。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)非化石能源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)10.0億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),占總(zong)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)的比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)44.9%,同比(bi)提(ti)高3.0個百(bai)分點;全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)10.9億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),占總(zong)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)自(zi)2020年底(di)首次降(jiang)至50%以下(xia)(xia)(49.1%)后,今年3月底(di)進一步降(jiang)至48.8%,在(zai)碳(tan)(tan)達峰、碳(tan)(tan)中和(he)目標下(xia)(xia),電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)轉型趨(qu)勢明顯。一季度,全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)規模以上電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)為(wei)1.91萬億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時,同比(bi)增長(chang)19.0%;全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備平均利用小時915小時,同比(bi)提(ti)高97小時。
一(yi)是電(dian)(dian)力投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)37.6%,非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)達到91%。一(yi)季度,重(zhong)(zhong)點調查企業電(dian)(dian)力完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)1335億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)37.6%,兩年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)21.2%。其中,電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)795億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)31.3%,兩年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)39.9%,非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)的比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)高達91%;電(dian)(dian)網完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)540億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan),同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)48.0%,兩年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.7%。
二(er)是非(fei)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)比重(zhong)(zhong)上升至(zhi)(zhi)44.9%,煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比重(zhong)(zhong)降至(zhi)(zhi)48.8%。一季(ji)度,全(quan)國新增發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)2351萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),同比增加996萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)。截至(zhi)(zhi)3月底,全(quan)國全(quan)口徑水電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)3.7億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)12.6億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)5104萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、并(bing)網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)2.9億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、并(bing)網太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)2.6億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)。全(quan)國全(quan)口徑非(fei)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)10.0億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的比重(zhong)(zhong)為44.9%,同比提(ti)高3.0個百(bai)分點(dian);全(quan)口徑煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)10.9億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),占總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)比重(zhong)(zhong)進一步降至(zhi)(zhi)48.8%。
三是發電量(liang)同(tong)比(bi)增長(chang)19.0%。一(yi)季度,全國規模以(yi)上電廠(chang)發電量(liang)為(wei)1.91萬億(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)增長(chang)19.0%;其中,規模以(yi)上電廠(chang)水電、火電、核電發電量(liang)分(fen)別為(wei)1959、14379、926億(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)分(fen)別增長(chang)0.5%、21.1%、18.8%。全口徑并(bing)網(wang)風電和(he)并(bing)網(wang)太陽能發電量(liang)分(fen)別為(wei)1737和(he)694億(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi),同(tong)比(bi)分(fen)別增長(chang)50.6%和(he)29.9%。
四是(shi)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外的其(qi)他發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)均同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao),核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)分別提(ti)(ti)高(gao)218、69、10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。一季度,全國(guo)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)平均利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)915小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)97小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)600小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)降低21小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi);核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)1817小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)218小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi);火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)1116小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)165小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),其(qi)中煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1160小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)187小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi);并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)為619小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)69小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi);太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)300小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。
五是跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸出(chu)電(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)22.9%,跨(kua)省輸出(chu)電(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)24.6%。一(yi)季度(du),全(quan)國(guo)完成跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)量(liang)1470億千瓦(wa)時,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)22.9%,兩年(nian)平(ping)均增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)18.1%;其中,西(xi)北區(qu)(qu)域外(wai)(wai)送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)量(liang)788億千瓦(wa)時,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)36.5%,是外(wai)(wai)送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)量(liang)規模最(zui)大(da)、增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)最(zui)快的區(qu)(qu)域。全(quan)國(guo)完成跨(kua)省送(song)(song)(song)出(chu)電(dian)量(liang)3499億千瓦(wa)時,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)24.6%,兩年(nian)平(ping)均增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.3%;其中,內蒙古外(wai)(wai)送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)量(liang)549億千瓦(wa)時,是外(wai)(wai)送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)量(liang)規模最(zui)大(da)的省份,同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)23.8%。
六是市(shi)(shi)(shi)場交(jiao)(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)86%。一季度,全(quan)(quan)國各電(dian)(dian)力(li)交(jiao)(jiao)易中(zhong)(zhong)心累計組織(zhi)完成市(shi)(shi)(shi)場交(jiao)(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量7530億千瓦時,同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)86%。其中(zhong)(zhong),全(quan)(quan)國電(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)直接交(jiao)(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量合(he)計為6135億千瓦時,同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)93%,占全(quan)(quan)社會用電(dian)(dian)量比(bi)(bi)重為31.9%,同比(bi)(bi)提高11.7個百分點(dian)。
七是原煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)產量同比增速比同期煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)電發電量增速低6.0個(ge)百分(fen)點,電煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)市場價格(ge)高位(wei)劇烈(lie)波動。一季度(du),全國原煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)產量9.7億噸,同比增長16.0%,比同期全口徑煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)電發電量增速低6.0個(ge)百分(fen)點。市場電煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)價格(ge)高位(wei)劇烈(lie)波動,加(jia)大了電煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)采購及保(bao)供工(gong)作難度(du),煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)電企業燃料成本明顯(xian)上漲。
(三)全國(guo)電力(li)供需情(qing)況
一季(ji)度,全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)需總體平(ping)衡(heng)。1月(yue)(yue)6-8日,我國(guo)中(zhong)東部(bu)大部(bu)地區遭(zao)遇(yu)強(qiang)冷空氣寒潮襲(xi)擊,用電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)快速攀升,導致部(bu)分地區局部(bu)時段電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)應緊張,采取了有(you)序(xu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)措(cuo)施(shi);1月(yue)(yue)份(fen)全國(guo)最(zui)大用電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)達(da)到11.89億千瓦(wa),同比增長(chang)25.6%,兩年平(ping)均增長(chang)11.3%。分區域看,一季(ji)度,華中(zhong)區域用電(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰時段電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)應偏緊,南(nan)方區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)應持續(xu)處于緊平(ping)衡(heng),華北、華東區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)需總體平(ping)衡(heng)。分省(sheng)份(fen)看,江(jiang)(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)(jiang)、湖南(nan)、江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)、四川、蒙西(xi)等省(sheng)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)網采取了有(you)序(xu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)需求響應措(cuo)施(shi)。
二(er)、全國電力供(gong)需形勢預(yu)測
(一)2021年全社會用電量增速將(jiang)明顯超過上(shang)年
今年是(shi)中國共產黨(dang)成立100周(zhou)年,也是(shi)我國“十四五”規劃開局之年。綜合考慮(lv)國內外(wai)經濟形勢(shi)、上年低基數(shu)、電能(neng)替代等因素,以及外(wai)部環境存在(zai)的(de)不確定性,預計2021年全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量增速(su)前高后低,全(quan)(quan)年全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量增長(chang)7%-8%,若夏季出現長(chang)時段大范圍(wei)高溫天氣,則全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量增速(su)將(jiang)很(hen)可能(neng)突破8%,用電量增速(su)將(jiang)明顯超過上年。
(二)非化石能(neng)源(yuan)發電裝機比重繼續提(ti)高
預(yu)計2021年全(quan)國基建新(xin)增發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1.8億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)左(zuo)右,其中(zhong)非化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)投產1.4億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)左(zuo)右。預(yu)計2021年底全(quan)國發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)23.7億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),其中(zhong),非化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)達到11.2億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)左(zuo)右,占總裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比重上(shang)升至(zhi)47.3%,非化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)規模及(ji)比重將有望首次超過煤電(dian)(dian)。
(三)全國電(dian)力(li)供需總(zong)體平衡,局部地區(qu)電(dian)力(li)供應偏緊(jin)
預計(ji)2021年(nian)全(quan)國(guo)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需總(zong)體平衡、局部(bu)地區高(gao)峰時段(duan)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)偏(pian)緊。分區域看(kan),預計(ji)東(dong)北(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)存在一定富余;華(hua)北(bei)、華(hua)東(dong)區域電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需總(zong)體平衡;華(hua)中、南方區域用(yong)(yong)電(dian)高(gao)峰時段(duan)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需偏(pian)緊。蒙西(xi)、湖南、湖北(bei)、廣東(dong)、云南、廣西(xi)等(deng)省(sheng)級電(dian)網在部(bu)分用(yong)(yong)電(dian)高(gao)峰時段(duan)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)偏(pian)緊,預計(ji)將(jiang)需要(yao)采取有序用(yong)(yong)電(dian)或(huo)需求響應(ying)(ying)(ying)措施。
三、有關建議
在(zai)國(guo)(guo)家碳達峰、碳中和(he)目標下,電(dian)力作為(wei)國(guo)(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)的基礎性產業(ye),在(zai)保障電(dian)力安全(quan)可(ke)靠供(gong)應(ying),以(yi)滿(man)足國(guo)(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)目標以(yi)及人民(min)生活用電(dian)需求的同時,還要(yao)加快構建以(yi)新能源為(wei)主體的新型電(dian)力系統,加快清潔低碳轉型,實現碳減排目標。結合當前電(dian)力供(gong)需形勢和(he)行(xing)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)現狀,提出如下建議:
(一)密(mi)切跟蹤用(yong)電(dian)形勢(shi),保障迎峰度夏期間電(dian)力(li)安全運行
今年以(yi)來,生產生活逐漸恢復常態,經濟形(xing)勢穩(wen)中(zhong)向好,對電(dian)力(li)(li)的消費需求(qiu)較快(kuai)回升,疊加(jia)(jia)近(jin)年來用電(dian)結構(gou)變化(hua)帶來的負荷(he)峰(feng)谷差(cha)加(jia)(jia)大(da)趨勢,對電(dian)力(li)(li)供應保(bao)障(zhang)提出更高的要求(qiu)。為保(bao)障(zhang)迎峰(feng)度(du)夏期間電(dian)力(li)(li)供應,就(jiu)負荷(he)預(yu)測、優化(hua)共享備用、加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)提升需求(qiu)響應能力(li)(li)等方面提出以(yi)下建議:
一(yi)是(shi)加強高(gao)峰時段負荷分析和電(dian)(dian)力(li)供需形勢預測。相關部(bu)門及電(dian)(dian)網企業密(mi)切跟蹤各地(di)區經濟發展和電(dian)(dian)力(li)消費需求走勢變化(hua),結(jie)合氣(qi)象預報(bao),滾動更新(xin)短(duan)期(qi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)量平(ping)衡,同時加大(da)對(dui)大(da)用(yong)戶用(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷尤其是(shi)在建大(da)項目投產進度的(de)跟蹤,提(ti)前做好應對(dui)措(cuo)施,減少高(gao)峰時段電(dian)(dian)力(li)供應缺口。
二(er)是進一(yi)步(bu)提高跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)互濟能(neng)力(li)。加強電(dian)(dian)網統(tong)一(yi)調度,統(tong)籌送受端調峰資源,優化(hua)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)域電(dian)(dian)網間(jian)的開機(ji)備用(yong)(yong)、跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)支援、余缺調劑;充分發揮現有輸電(dian)(dian)通(tong)道能(neng)力(li)和(he)地區(qu)(qu)間(jian)錯峰效益,強化(hua)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)交(jiao)易組織保障(zhang),用(yong)(yong)好(hao)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)交(jiao)易通(tong)道;電(dian)(dian)力(li)企業加強設備運行維護和(he)錯峰檢修,精細安排運行方(fang)式,確保留(liu)足備用(yong)(yong)容(rong)量。
三是進一步加(jia)強需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)側管理(li)。對(dui)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)硬缺口的(de)省份,加(jia)快電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及通道建設的(de)后續項目安(an)排。對(dui)于短(duan)期、局(ju)部的(de)結構(gou)性缺電(dian)(dian)(dian),應(ying)加(jia)強需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)側管理(li),及早制定有序用電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)案,落實好(hao)民生(sheng)、保重(zhong)點客戶(hu)、保居民生(sheng)活的(de)各項措(cuo)施,同時向社會公布電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供需(xu)(xu)(xu)形(xing)勢,提升全社會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)側管理(li)的(de)認(ren)知度、參(can)與(yu)度和(he)積極性。加(jia)強源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)協同互動(dong),對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)柔性負(fu)荷進行策略引(yin)導(dao)和(he)集中控(kong)制,擴大負(fu)荷參(can)與(yu)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)響(xiang)應(ying)規模。創新電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)響(xiang)應(ying)機制,建立和(he)完善電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)響(xiang)應(ying)價格激勵政(zheng)策,以(yi)市(shi)場(chang)化手段引(yin)導(dao)用戶(hu)合理(li)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)。
(二)切實保(bao)障電力(li)燃(ran)料供應,引(yin)導電煤市場價格回歸綠(lv)色區間(jian)
當前,煤電(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)量占我國總發(fa)(fa)電(dian)量的(de)比(bi)重仍(reng)然高達64%,煤電(dian)仍(reng)是我國主體(ti)電(dian)源,保障電(dian)力(li)燃料供應(ying)是確保電(dian)力(li)安全穩(wen)定供應(ying)的(de)關鍵。針對部分時段電(dian)煤供應(ying)偏緊,電(dian)煤價格劇(ju)烈波動等問題提(ti)出以下建議:
一(yi)是加(jia)(jia)大先(xian)進煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)能(neng)的(de)釋放力度(du)。國(guo)家有關部門(men)協(xie)調主產(chan)區政府(fu),取(qu)締或放寬(kuan)煤(mei)管票等地方政策限制,在確保(bao)安(an)(an)全(quan)和符合(he)(he)國(guo)家政策的(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)下(xia),按照(zhao)最大產(chan)能(neng)安(an)(an)排生產(chan)計劃,有效增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)供給;推(tui)進重(zhong)點保(bao)供煤(mei)礦(kuang)、優(you)質產(chan)能(neng)煤(mei)礦(kuang)、聯合(he)(he)試運轉(zhuan)到期煤(mei)礦(kuang)、核增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)能(neng)煤(mei)礦(kuang)等完善相關手續辦(ban)理,推(tui)進依(yi)法(fa)合(he)(he)規生產(chan)。進一(yi)步增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)國(guo)內煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)能(neng)儲(chu)備,以應對(dui)經濟持續復蘇以及季(ji)節性氣候變化等對(dui)煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)消(xiao)費需求(qiu)的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)。總(zong)結近年來電煤(mei)保(bao)供經驗,加(jia)(jia)快迎峰(feng)度(du)夏電廠電煤(mei)庫存提(ti)(ti)升工(gong)作,提(ti)(ti)前(qian)謀(mou)劃下(xia)半年重(zhong)點地區的(de)電煤(mei)供應。
二是充分發(fa)揮進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)的(de)補(bu)(bu)充作(zuo)用(yong)。進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)在補(bu)(bu)充沿海電煤(mei)(mei)供(gong)應(ying)、平衡供(gong)需關(guan)系、穩定市(shi)場價格等方面發(fa)揮了重要作(zuo)用(yong),應(ying)充分利用(yong)好國(guo)際國(guo)內“兩個市(shi)場、兩種資源”,適當(dang)增(zeng)加進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)配額指標(biao),并允許異(yi)地報關(guan);保障進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)穩定性,使用(yong)煤(mei)(mei)企業能夠(gou)制定科學合(he)(he)理的(de)采(cai)購計劃(hua),合(he)(he)理把控進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)節奏,最大程度發(fa)揮好進口(kou)(kou)(kou)煤(mei)(mei)的(de)補(bu)(bu)充作(zuo)用(yong)。
三是引導市(shi)(shi)場(chang)電(dian)(dian)煤(mei)價(jia)格(ge)回歸綠色區間。針對當前動力(li)煤(mei)期貨(huo)交(jiao)割以5500大(da)卡(ka)為(wei)(wei)基準,不符合(he)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)企業耗用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)煤(mei)熱值普遍低于(yu)5000大(da)卡(ka)的特點,建議(yi)相關機(ji)構完善期貨(huo)交(jiao)割條(tiao)款及相關交(jiao)易規(gui)則,正確發(fa)揮期貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),減少市(shi)(shi)場(chang)炒(chao)(chao)作(zuo)行(xing)為(wei)(wei),助(zhu)力(li)維護市(shi)(shi)場(chang)穩定。加強煤(mei)炭市(shi)(shi)場(chang)監(jian)管(guan),打擊囤(dun)積居奇和惡意(yi)炒(chao)(chao)作(zuo)等行(xing)為(wei)(wei),維護煤(mei)炭市(shi)(shi)場(chang)秩序。繼續(xu)發(fa)揮中長期合(he)同穩定器作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),加大(da)電(dian)(dian)煤(mei)中長期合(he)同履(lv)約執(zhi)行(xing)監(jian)管(guan)力(li)度(du)。
(三)圍繞碳達峰、碳中和目標,推進(jin)新能源健康可持續發展(zhan)
在(zai)碳達(da)峰、碳中(zhong)和目標的推動下(xia),電力發展綠色轉型進一步(bu)加(jia)快,也相應(ying)帶來新能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)納壓力的明顯加(jia)大。同時,新能(neng)(neng)源補貼拖(tuo)欠金額越來越大,導致(zhi)新能(neng)(neng)源企(qi)業資(zi)金緊張、企(qi)業財(cai)務費用大幅(fu)上升、融資(zi)難融資(zi)貴、上下(xia)游“三角債”等問題日益突出(chu)。為更(geng)好促進新能(neng)(neng)源高(gao)質量發展,就促進新型電力系(xi)統(tong)構(gou)建、保(bao)障新能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)納和解決新能(neng)(neng)源補貼提(ti)出(chu)以下(xia)幾點建議:
一是加快研發滿足高比(bi)例新能(neng)源為(wei)主體的(de)新型電力(li)系統相關(guan)技術(shu)。支(zhi)持依托電力(li)企(qi)(qi)業建設(she)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)創(chuang)(chuang)新中心,實(shi)(shi)施儲(chu)能(neng)、氫能(neng)、碳(tan)捕集(ji)等(deng)核心關(guan)鍵技術(shu)研發與(yu)重大(da)示范工程(cheng),定點突破(po)“卡脖子”技術(shu)。針對關(guan)鍵技術(shu),聯(lian)合企(qi)(qi)業、高校、科研院所形成能(neng)源電力(li)創(chuang)(chuang)新共(gong)同體,推動關(guan)鍵環節(jie)和(he)(he)領(ling)域的(de)技術(shu)研發。突出企(qi)(qi)業創(chuang)(chuang)新主體地(di)位,制(zhi)定和(he)(he)落實(shi)(shi)鼓勵企(qi)(qi)業技術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新的(de)各項政(zheng)策(ce),引導企(qi)(qi)業加大(da)研發力(li)度(du),并加強科技創(chuang)(chuang)新的(de)財政(zheng)資金投(tou)入和(he)(he)優惠力(li)度(du)。
二是多措(cuo)并(bing)(bing)舉保(bao)障大規模新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)納。電(dian)力(li)企業合(he)理(li)(li)安排(pai)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)新增裝機布局與并(bing)(bing)網時序,優先安排(pai)有消(xiao)納空間與送出通(tong)道的新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)投產并(bing)(bing)網。各方形成合(he)力(li)充分(fen)提高(gao)現(xian)有特高(gao)壓輸電(dian)通(tong)道利用效率,并(bing)(bing)加(jia)快在建跨省區電(dian)力(li)通(tong)道建設(she),持續提升新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)外(wai)送能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。研究促進(jin)(jin)火電(dian)靈(ling)活性改造的政策措(cuo)施和市(shi)場(chang)機制,進(jin)(jin)一步加(jia)強(qiang)電(dian)力(li)系統(tong)靈(ling)活性電(dian)源(yuan)建設(she)。加(jia)快出臺(tai)退役煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)機組轉為應急備(bei)用電(dian)源(yuan),以及煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)機組延壽運行管理(li)(li)辦(ban)法(fa)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)力(li)現(xian)貨市(shi)場(chang)建設(she)和輔助服務補償機制建設(she),并(bing)(bing)充分(fen)考慮電(dian)—碳(tan)市(shi)場(chang)的協同作用,發揮市(shi)場(chang)調節在促進(jin)(jin)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)納中的作用。
三是加(jia)快(kuai)解決(jue)可再生能源補(bu)貼欠費(fei)問題,促進(jin)新能源行業、企業健(jian)康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。進(jin)一步加(jia)快(kuai)補(bu)貼資金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)撥付到位,維護企業資金(jin)(jin)鏈(lian)安全。有關部門盡快(kuai)針對(dui)《關于引(yin)導加(jia)大(da)金(jin)(jin)融支持力度(du)促進(jin)風(feng)電(dian)和光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)等行業健(jian)康有序(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)通知》出臺具(ju)體(ti)(ti)細則,明確金(jin)(jin)融機構(gou)向風(feng)光(guang)(guang)企業發(fa)(fa)(fa)放補(bu)貼確權(quan)貸款(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)條件,貸款(kuan)額度(du)、期限(xian)、利率的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)核定(ding)標(biao)準;通過核發(fa)(fa)(fa)綠色電(dian)力證書方式彌補(bu)補(bu)貼確權(quan)貸款(kuan)利息成本的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)措施,以及對(dui)風(feng)光(guang)(guang)企業存量項(xiang)目融資辦理展期、續貸的(de)(de)(de)條件,爭(zheng)取盡快(kuai)落實(shi)對(dui)風(feng)光(guang)(guang)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)信貸支持政策,緩(huan)解企業資金(jin)(jin)緊張問題,促進(jin)行業健(jian)康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。
注釋:
兩年(nian)平均(jun)增長(增速)是以2019年(nian)同期(qi)值為基數,采用幾何平均(jun)方法計算。
四(si)大(da)高載能行業(ye)(ye)(ye)包括:化學(xue)原料和(he)化學(xue)制(zhi)品制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)、非金屬礦物制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)、黑色金屬冶煉和(he)壓(ya)延加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)、有色金屬冶煉和(he)壓(ya)延加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)4個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
高技術及(ji)裝備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)包括:醫藥制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、金屬制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、通用(yong)設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、專(zhuan)用(yong)設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、汽車制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、鐵路/船舶/航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)和其(qi)他運輸設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、電氣機(ji)械和器材(cai)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、計算機(ji)/通信和其(qi)他電子設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、儀器儀表制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)9個行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
消費品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)包括:農副(fu)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)、酒/飲料及精制(zhi)(zhi)茶制(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)、煙草制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、紡織業(ye)(ye)(ye)、紡織服裝(zhuang)、服飾業(ye)(ye)(ye)、皮(pi)(pi)革(ge)/毛皮(pi)(pi)/羽毛及其(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)和制(zhi)(zhi)鞋業(ye)(ye)(ye)、木材加(jia)工和木/竹/藤/棕/草制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、家具制(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)、造紙(zhi)和紙(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、印刷和記錄媒介復制(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、文教/工美/體育和娛樂用品(pin)(pin)制(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)12個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
其他(ta)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用電(dian)分類的(de)31個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)中,除四(si)大高載能行業(ye)(ye)(ye)、高技術(shu)及(ji)裝備制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、消費品(pin)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)之外的(de)其他(ta)行業(ye)(ye)(ye),包括:石油/煤(mei)炭及(ji)其他(ta)燃(ran)料加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)、化學纖(xian)維制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、橡膠(jiao)和(he)塑(su)料制(zhi)品(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、其他(ta)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、廢棄(qi)資(zi)源綜合利用業(ye)(ye)(ye)、金屬制(zhi)品(pin)/機械(xie)和(he)設備修理(li)業(ye)(ye)(ye)6個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
東部地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括北(bei)京、天津(jin)、河(he)(he)北(bei)、上海(hai)(hai)、江(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)、福建、山東、廣(guang)東、海(hai)(hai)南10個(ge)省(sheng)(市);中部地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括山西(xi)、安徽、江(jiang)西(xi)、河(he)(he)南、湖北(bei)、湖南6個(ge)省(sheng);西(xi)部地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括內蒙古、廣(guang)西(xi)、重慶、四川、貴州(zhou)、云南、西(xi)藏、陜(shan)西(xi)、甘肅(su)、青(qing)海(hai)(hai)、寧夏、新(xin)疆12個(ge)省(sheng)(市、自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu));東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括遼寧、吉(ji)林、黑龍江(jiang)3個(ge)省(sheng)。