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摘要：能源安全對經濟穩定發展具有基石作用，從根本上解決能源安全問題需要在總體國家安全觀框架下樹立多維度、多視角的能源安全觀，同時，也需從能源供給、消費、技術、體制及國際合作等各方面多措并舉保障區域能源安全。

在全(quan)(quan)球新(xin)冠肺炎疫情、貿易(yi)戰(zhan)、石(shi)(shi)油戰(zhan)等國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)突發(fa)(fa)事件(jian)頻繁爆發(fa)(fa)、愈演愈烈的背景下，4月17日，中(zhong)共中(zhong)央政治局會議首提(ti)“六保(bao)”，其(qi)中(zhong)“保(bao)糧食能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)”進一步凸顯了(le)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)對穩定發(fa)(fa)展的基(ji)石(shi)(shi)作用，此時距總(zong)書記(ji)首次提(ti)出總(zong)體(ti)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家安全(quan)(quan)觀已(yi)有六年。國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)形勢不(bu)確(que)定因素對能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)影響愈發(fa)(fa)深遠，美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電力(li)(li)設備禁購行政令(ling)出臺進一步激化了(le)“能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)戰(zhan)”，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)重(zhong)要(yao)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)企業肩負著能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電力(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展生力(li)(li)軍和主(zhu)力(li)(li)軍的使命，需(xu)樹立科學能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)觀、推動各項(xiang)舉措(cuo)全(quan)(quan)力(li)(li)以赴(fu)保(bao)障(zhang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)，兜住能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)底(di)線。

從根本上(shang)解決能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)問題(ti)需要我們在總體國(guo)家安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)框架下樹(shu)(shu)立(li)多(duo)維(wei)度(du)多(duo)視(shi)角(jiao)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。一(yi)是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供應安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，合(he)理保(bao)障化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供應，科學協(xie)(xie)調發(fa)展(zhan)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，堅持節約優(you)先，提(ti)升能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供給效率，降低能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)對外依(yi)存度(du)，拓展(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)際合(he)作。二是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。調整優(you)化(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)，有序擴大(da)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)(ji)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)占比，擴大(da)電能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替代領域。三是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)本質安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。著(zhu)力提(ti)升能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)技術裝備(bei)(bei)水(shui)平(ping)及(ji)(ji)國(guo)產化(hua)率，加快能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)勘(kan)探(tan)開發(fa)及(ji)(ji)儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)。四(si)是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。促(cu)進(jin)可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)平(ping)價(jia)利(li)用，推(tui)進(jin)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)清潔化(hua)改造(zao)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)水(shui)平(ping)。五是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)價(jia)格(ge)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。確保(bao)國(guo)內能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)價(jia)格(ge)的(de)穩定可承受，提(ti)升國(guo)際能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)議價(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。六是(shi)樹(shu)(shu)立(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網絡(luo)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。加強(qiang)“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”框架下的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)礎設施互聯互通，推(tui)進(jin)油氣(qi)儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)基(ji)(ji)地建設，構(gou)建源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網荷協(xie)(xie)同(tong)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網絡(luo)，高質量推(tui)進(jin)區域協(xie)(xie)同(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)。

從能(neng)源供給、消費、技術、體制(zhi)及國際合作等各方面多措并舉保障南方區(qu)域的能(neng)源安全。

一是合理保(bao)障化(hua)石(shi)(shi)能源供應。充分(fen)考慮我國能源資源稟賦，發(fa)揮煤(mei)(mei)炭保(bao)能源安(an)全“壓艙石(shi)(shi)”及(ji)煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)在電(dian)力系統的(de)“穩(wen)定器”作用，在氣(qi)(qi)源氣(qi)(qi)價及(ji)儲運有保(bao)障的(de)前提下有序擴大(da)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)發(fa)電(dian)。

二是穩步提(ti)升非化石能(neng)(neng)源占比。加快引進(jin)條件(jian)較好的西(xi)北綜合能(neng)(neng)源、西(xi)南和(he)境外水電(dian)(dian)(dian)等清潔電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)，支撐西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)東送及國內經濟(ji)可(ke)持續健康發(fa)展；充分考(kao)慮(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統安全及經濟(ji)承受能(neng)(neng)力(li)，有序開發(fa)東部沿海風能(neng)(neng)資源；因(yin)地(di)制(zhi)宜發(fa)展分布(bu)式能(neng)(neng)源，提(ti)倡(chang)自(zi)發(fa)自(zi)用、就地(di)消納；安全高效(xiao)發(fa)展核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，加快推進(jin)沿海核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目(mu)開工(gong)建設(she)。

三(san)是科學協調(diao)發展新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。充(chong)分(fen)考(kao)慮安全(quan)性和經濟性，科學協調(diao)推進風、光(guang)等新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開發利用；充(chong)分(fen)挖掘(jue)各(ge)省（區(qu)）的新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)潛力，積極開發分(fen)布式新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及建(jian)筑光(guang)伏，保障平價全(quan)額消納(na)，提高本地(di)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自給能力。

四是著力(li)提升能源供給(gei)效(xiao)率(lv)。采(cai)用綜合(he)能源供應模式，降低發電煤耗、氣耗，提升能源轉換(huan)效(xiao)率(lv)；統(tong)籌(chou)推進輸配(pei)電網(wang)和油氣管網(wang)建(jian)設，以智能電網(wang)為核心擴展綜合(he)能源服務。

五是以技(ji)術(shu)創新支撐能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生態發展。推(tui)進(jin)煤(mei)炭清潔靈(ling)活改(gai)造、新能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高效(xiao)利用(yong)、需(xu)求(qiu)側響應、儲(chu)能(neng)及(ji)綜(zong)合能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)術(shu)等，促進(jin)各類能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)協同發展；加速推(tui)進(jin)傳(chuan)統能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行業(ye)融合發展，利用(yong)先進(jin)的信(xin)息數字技(ji)術(shu)加快向綜(zong)合服務方向轉型。

六(liu)是以體(ti)制機制改革激(ji)(ji)發能(neng)源(yuan)市(shi)場(chang)活力(li)(li)。加快構(gou)建南方區域統一區域電(dian)力(li)(li)市(shi)場(chang)，著(zhu)力(li)(li)構(gou)建更(geng)加公平(ping)、高效、開(kai)放的能(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)體(ti)制機制，激(ji)(ji)發市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)活力(li)(li)。

七是以(yi)多元(yuan)(yuan)化國(guo)際合(he)作(zuo)提(ti)升競爭力(li)。重(zhong)點開拓“一帶(dai)一路”沿線(xian)重(zhong)點國(guo)家(jia)能源電力(li)市場，加(jia)強油氣管(guan)道(dao)、輸電線(xian)路等(deng)能源基礎設施互(hu)聯互(hu)通，構建(jian)多元(yuan)(yuan)化能源供給體系；推動與周(zhou)邊國(guo)家(jia)區域(yu)聯合(he)電力(li)市場的構建(jian)，有序擴大電力(li)貿易規模。