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新時代，要推進我國經濟社會高質量發展，離不開我國能源的高質量發展。推進我國能源高質量發展，必須從不同層面深刻認識能源安全的新內涵，統籌供給側和需求側確保能源供給安全，加快能源綠色低碳化，以能源安全為著力點支撐經濟社會高質量發展等。

新時代能源安全是多維度的能源安全

首先，新時代(dai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)理(li)(li)念下的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)。如(ru)果說黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大是我(wo)國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)重大戰略思想的(de)(de)轉折點(dian)，那(nei)么黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九大則(ze)標志著我(wo)國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)重大戰略思想的(de)(de)定型、豐富和(he)(he)成熟。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九大明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)確提出，“壯(zhuang)大節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)保產(chan)業、清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)產(chan)業、清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)業”，“推進能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)和(he)(he)消費革命，構建(jian)(jian)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)低碳、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)高效的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)”。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九大把能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)問題作為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革的(de)(de)一(yi)個環(huan)節，說明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)我(wo)國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)已(yi)經(jing)是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革的(de)(de)重要內容，同(tong)時也說明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之前我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)已(yi)經(jing)對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)形成了制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)(yue)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)之所以對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)形成制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)(yue)，其(qi)最重要的(de)(de)焦點(dian)在于作為我(wo)國(guo)主(zhu)體能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)煤炭，其(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)已(yi)經(jing)不適應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)要求(qiu)。實現新時代(dai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)，要統籌處理(li)(li)好能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境治(zhi)理(li)(li)協(xie)同(tong)關系(xi)：一(yi)方(fang)面，積極(ji)推進能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)，大力推動傳統化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)化(hua)(hua)利用、積極(ji)推進污染(ran)物排放量小的(de)(de)非化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高比例(li)發(fa)展(zhan)，有(you)效保障(zhang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)供(gong)給；另一(yi)方(fang)面，堅持節約(yue)(yue)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)保護環(huan)境的(de)(de)基本國(guo)策，推進能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)節約(yue)(yue)、降低污染(ran)物排放，促進形成綠色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式(shi)，最終(zhong)使(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)及能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)供(gong)給有(you)效支(zhi)撐美(mei)麗中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，促進人與自然和(he)(he)諧共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。

其次(ci)，新時代(dai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全必須是構建在(zai)(zai)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)體系上(shang)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全。2020年(nian)9月(yue)22日，習近平主席(xi)(xi)在(zai)(zai)聯合國(guo)(guo)大會上(shang)明(ming)確提(ti)出，“中國(guo)(guo)將提(ti)高(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)家自主貢獻力度，采取更加有(you)力的(de)(de)政策和(he)措施，二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放力爭于2030年(nian)前(qian)達到峰值，努力爭取2060年(nian)前(qian)實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)(tan)中和(he)”。2020年(nian)12月(yue)12日，習近平主席(xi)(xi)在(zai)(zai)氣候雄心(xin)峰會上(shang)，又(you)明(ming)確提(ti)出到2030年(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)比(bi)達到25%，風能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)建成12億千(qian)瓦以上(shang)總裝機容量(liang)(liang)等低(di)碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)展目(mu)標(biao)。當前(qian)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)活動(dong)產生的(de)(de)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全國(guo)(guo)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放總量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)80%以上(shang)，實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)(tan)達峰和(he)碳(tan)(tan)中和(he)目(mu)標(biao)，意(yi)味(wei)著高(gao)(gao)碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)大幅度減少，意(yi)味(wei)著當前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展模式的(de)(de)重大改變。因此(ci)，新時代(dai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全成為著眼推動(dong)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)展的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全。

再次，在(zai)總(zong)體國(guo)(guo)家(jia)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全觀下(xia)統(tong)籌(chou)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)(yu)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全。統(tong)籌(chou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全，推(tui)動落(luo)實“四個(ge)革(ge)命、一個(ge)合(he)作(zuo)”能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全新戰略是關系國(guo)(guo)家(jia)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)全局性、戰略性問題。必須堅持總(zong)體國(guo)(guo)家(jia)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全觀，立足于新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階(jie)段，貫徹新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理(li)念(nian)，構建(jian)(jian)新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)格(ge)局，將能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全理(li)念(nian)體現在(zai)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)、生(sheng)產生(sheng)活等各個(ge)方(fang)面。統(tong)籌(chou)處理(li)好能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全與(yu)(yu)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)協(xie)同(tong)關系，協(xie)同(tong)推(tui)進(jin)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全與(yu)(yu)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、區(qu)域協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，增(zeng)強憂患意識，做到居安(an)(an)(an)(an)思危、未雨(yu)綢(chou)繆。統(tong)籌(chou)自身(shen)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全與(yu)(yu)共(gong)同(tong)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全關系，推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)(guo)際能(neng)源(yuan)互利合(he)作(zuo)，積極構建(jian)(jian)人類命運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)體。統(tong)籌(chou)進(jin)口安(an)(an)(an)(an)全與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)內供應安(an)(an)(an)(an)全，做到有序(xu)擴大國(guo)(guo)外供給(gei)和加強國(guo)(guo)內能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全保障能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)設(she)并行不悖(bei)。

最后(hou)，新時代(dai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)必須(xu)做到(dao)以人民為中心。統(tong)籌協(xie)調能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)與能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)業(ye)高質量發(fa)展的(de)關(guan)系(xi)，把提高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供給質量和服(fu)務(wu)水(shui)平作為主攻方向，優化(hua)存量資源(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)，加強能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)基礎(chu)設(she)施和公共(gong)服(fu)務(wu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建設(she)，擴大優質增(zeng)(zeng)量供給，增(zeng)(zeng)強高水(shui)平能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)服(fu)務(wu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，確保人民群眾共(gong)享能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展成果。重(zhong)點抓好供應(ying)(ying)側(ce)、需(xu)求(qiu)側(ce)及供需(xu)之間的(de)協(xie)同，盡快(kuai)建立長(chang)效機制，促進供需(xu)動態平衡，通過加快(kuai)發(fa)展和深化(hua)改革(ge)，增(zeng)(zeng)強日常和應(ying)(ying)急(ji)狀態下的(de)供應(ying)(ying)保障(zhang)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，構(gou)建現代(dai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)保障(zhang)系(xi)統(tong)，創新綜合應(ying)(ying)用模式，保障(zhang)民生的(de)清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費和清潔取(qu)暖(nuan)需(xu)求(qiu)，更好滿足人民日益增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的(de)美好生活需(xu)要。

新時代保障能源安全的建議

隨著(zhu)我國經(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)發(fa)展步(bu)入新(xin)時代(dai)，能源(yuan)發(fa)展不平衡不充分(fen)的(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)日益突出(chu)。面對國內能源(yuan)供(gong)需格(ge)局(ju)新(xin)變化(hua)、國際(ji)能源(yuan)發(fa)展新(xin)趨勢(shi)，我們既要(yao)立(li)足(zu)國內，穩定能源(yuan)供(gong)給能力，加(jia)快推動技術(shu)進步(bu)，提高(gao)能效，節(jie)約(yue)資源(yuan)，保障(zhang)安(an)全(quan)，又要(yao)面向國際(ji)，擴大合作，推動形成共同安(an)全(quan)；既要(yao)立(li)足(zu)當前，堅持問(wen)(wen)題(ti)導向，著(zhu)力解(jie)決當前運行(xing)中存在的(de)突出(chu)矛盾(dun)，供(gong)需不平衡問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，又要(yao)著(zhu)眼長(chang)遠(yuan)，緊緊圍(wei)繞影響(xiang)能源(yuan)安(an)全(quan)運行(xing)長(chang)期性、戰略(lve)性、深層(ceng)次重大問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，深化(hua)推動能源(yuan)生(sheng)產(chan)和消費革命。

一是堅(jian)持立足國內，增強(qiang)清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)供應保障能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。加快國內資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)勘探開發和煤炭(tan)清(qing)潔高效轉化，鞏固(gu)常規能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)基礎地位，積極(ji)發展頁巖氣(qi)等非(fei)常規油(you)氣(qi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，大(da)力(li)發展新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)和可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，“著力(li)優化能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構，加快形成煤、油(you)、氣(qi)、核、新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)和可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)多輪(lun)驅(qu)動(dong)、協調(diao)發展的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供應體系”，切實增強(qiang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供應保障能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)和能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)清(qing)潔化水(shui)平。

二是堅持面(mian)向(xiang)國(guo)際(ji)，著力提(ti)高(gao)運(yun)籌(chou)國(guo)際(ji)資(zi)源的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。堅持互利共贏開放戰略，以“一帶(dai)一路(lu)”國(guo)際(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源合作(zuo)為(wei)中(zhong)心，全面(mian)提(ti)升能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源國(guo)際(ji)合作(zuo)質(zhi)量和水平；積極參與全球能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源治(zhi)理(li)，搭建國(guo)際(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源治(zhi)理(li)平臺，推動雙邊、多邊對話合作(zuo)機制，推動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源利益共同體構建。在全面(mian)開放新格局下保障我國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源安全，掌握發展主動權。

三是堅(jian)持(chi)節約高效，大力(li)提升清潔高效利(li)用(yong)水平。以節約優(you)先(xian)為方針，堅(jian)決(jue)控制能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)總(zong)量，尤其是控制化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)總(zong)量，著力(li)提升煤炭清潔高效利(li)用(yong)水平和利(li)用(yong)效率，優(you)化(hua)升級能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)結構與(yu)產業結構，以能(neng)源(yuan)循環利(li)用(yong)、能(neng)源(yuan)梯級利(li)用(yong)和能(neng)源(yuan)資源(yuan)綜合利(li)用(yong)為抓手(shou)，加(jia)快能(neng)源(yuan)節約型社會的建設(she)步伐。

四是加(jia)(jia)(jia)強政策統籌，形成(cheng)有效合力。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強供給側(ce)和需(xu)求側(ce)的(de)(de)雙(shuang)向(xiang)調節(jie)，促進供需(xu)動態平衡(heng)。在(zai)供應側(ce)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)大國內一次能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)勘探(tan)開(kai)發力度，鼓(gu)勵發展清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，擴大能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)儲備(bei)主(zhu)體(ti)、品(pin)種和規模(mo)，同時充分利(li)用(yong)海外能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)需(xu)求側(ce)，實(shi)行能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消耗強度和總量“雙(shuang)控”，促進形成(cheng)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)型(xing)生產方式和消費模(mo)式，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強跨(kua)(kua)行業、跨(kua)(kua)區(qu)域、跨(kua)(kua)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)品(pin)種的(de)(de)有效銜接，為保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全提供全面支撐。

五是堅(jian)持協同(tong)創新，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)行(xing)業高質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和促進(jin)供需(xu)(xu)銜(xian)接。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)創新，推(tui)進(jin)重點領域(yu)、關鍵環節改革進(jin)程，建立天(tian)然氣等能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綜合(he)協調(diao)機(ji)制(zhi)，健(jian)全(quan)煤炭(tan)、電力、石油、天(tian)然氣等領域(yu)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)側管理(li)和應急調(diao)峰機(ji)制(zhi)，建立健(jian)全(quan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)安全(quan)預(yu)測預(yu)警體系，壓實各方責任，完(wan)善應急預(yu)案，強化應急協調(diao)保障，確保民生需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，守住安全(quan)底(di)線。提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資源(yuan)配置效率，為能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提供不竭(jie)動(dong)(dong)力。