4月(yue)22日,國(guo)家發改委(wei)對2015年國(guo)家發展改革(ge)委(wei)、國(guo)家能源(yuan)局聯合印發的《輸配電(dian)定價成本監審辦法(試(shi)行(xing))》進(jin)行(xing)了修訂,并向社會(hui)公(gong)開征求意(yi)見。
細化輸配電定價成本費用
輸配(pei)電(dian)定價成(cheng)本費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)被進(jin)一步(bu)(bu)細(xi)化(hua)(hua),使得成(cheng)本監(jian)(jian)審(shen)依據更(geng)加(jia)明(ming)確。根據新的(de)“征求意(yi)見稿”,輸配(pei)電(dian)定價成(cheng)本的(de)構成(cheng)和歸集相(xiang)較于“試行(xing)(xing)”版更(geng)為細(xi)致,如其他運營費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)被細(xi)化(hua)(hua)為生產(chan)經營類費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、管理類費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、安(an)全(quan)保護(hu)類費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、研究開發(fa)類費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、價內(nei)稅金和其他費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)6類,不被計入輸配(pei)電(dian)定價成(cheng)本的(de)相(xiang)關費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)也(ye)同樣進(jin)行(xing)(xing)進(jin)一步(bu)(bu)細(xi)化(hua)(hua)。我們認為對費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)的(de)明(ming)細(xi)化(hua)(hua)使得未來對電(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)的(de)成(cheng)本監(jian)(jian)審(shen)有法可以,依據明(ming)確,減少模棱兩可的(de)可能性。
此外(wai),電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)所(suo)(suo)屬(shu)單(dan)位從事市場(chang)化業(ye)務對應的成本費用;抽水蓄能電(dian)(dian)站、電(dian)(dian)儲能設施、電(dian)(dian)網(wang)所(suo)(suo)屬(shu)且已單(dan)獨核(he)定(ding)上網(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)的電(dian)(dian)廠的成本費用以及獨立合算(suan)的售電(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)的成本費用不被計入輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)定(ding)價(jia)成本,這充(chong)分體(ti)現(xian)了(le)監(jian)管(guan)要求(qiu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)發(fa)揮公(gong)用事業(ye)屬(shu)性,不與民(min)爭利的指導思想,在一定(ding)程度上限制了(le)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)在中下游資產配(pei)臵的方(fang)向。
折舊年限會計核定大幅調整,更長周期降低企業成本
折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)期(qi)限(xian)有所上(shang)(shang)調(diao),企業(ye)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成本有所下降。從(cong)(cong)“征求意見稿”的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業(ye)固(gu)定(ding)資(zi)產分類(lei)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)限(xian)表來看,電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業(ye)資(zi)產的(de)(de)(de)折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)限(xian)普遍被上(shang)(shang)調(diao)了,其中輸配電(dian)(dian)線路和(he)變電(dian)(dian)配電(dian)(dian)設備的(de)(de)(de)最高折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)限(xian)均有所上(shang)(shang)調(diao),大部分類(lei)別的(de)(de)(de)最低折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)限(xian)也(ye)做了相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)調(diao),其他類(lei)別中的(de)(de)(de)用電(dian)(dian)計(ji)量(liang)設備和(he)通(tong)訊(xun)線路及設備則從(cong)(cong)“試(shi)行”版的(de)(de)(de)6-9年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)統一改(gai)為(wei)8年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。非(fei)生產性房屋、建筑(zhu)物變動最大,從(cong)(cong)原(yuan)本的(de)(de)(de)20年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)大幅上(shang)(shang)調(diao)至50年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。按此(ci)表進(jin)行計(ji)提(ti)折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)將(jiang)使得(de)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業(ye)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)折(zhe)(zhe)舊(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)費用有所降低,變相(xiang)提(ti)高了企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)利潤,為(wei)進(jin)一步(bu)降低電(dian)(dian)網(wang)銷售電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)提(ti)供(gong)了空(kong)間(jian)。
新增經營者義務,加強監管力度
加大(da)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)義(yi)務(wu)以強化監(jian)管力度。“征求意見(jian)稿(gao)”較(jiao)“試行(xing)”版新增了“經(jing)營者義(yi)務(wu)”一(yi)章,強化了電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業保存數(shu)據(ju),提供(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本資(zi)料(liao)(liao)的(de)義(yi)務(wu),根(gen)據(ju)要求,企(qi)業應對(dui)(dui)提供(gong)(gong)的(de)成(cheng)本資(zi)料(liao)(liao)包括:企(qi)業基(ji)本情況、會計合(he)算及財(cai)務(wu)資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、成(cheng)本調查表、資(zi)產類(lei)資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、電(dian)(dian)量類(lei)資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、監(jian)管周期(qi)對(dui)(dui)比資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、各類(lei)收入和支(zhi)出明細表、內部關(guan)聯方交易資(zi)料(liao)(liao)和成(cheng)本監(jian)審(shen)(shen)所需的(de)其他資(zi)料(liao)(liao)。由于上一(yi)輪輸配電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)成(cheng)本監(jian)審(shen)(shen)周期(qi)(2017~2019年)即將到(dao)期(qi),“征求意見(jian)稿(gao)”的(de)出臺也(ye)是為了配合(he)新一(yi)輪輸配電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)成(cheng)本監(jian)審(shen)(shen),我(wo)們認為這(zhe)將使(shi)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)成(cheng)本對(dui)(dui)監(jian)管機構更加及時、透明,新周期(qi)下電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)輸配電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)有(you)望(wang)進一(yi)步(bu)下降,從(cong)而利(li)好下游用電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業。