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1-5月，全社會用電增速放緩，第一產業和城鄉居民生活用電增速高于全社會平均水平；全國26個省份全社會用電量實現正增長；工業和制造業用電增速低于全社會平均水平；化工和有色行業用電正增長，建材和黑色行業用電負增長。

一、全社會用電情況

1-5月(yue)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量33526億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同比增長(chang)2.5%，其中，5月(yue)份(fen)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電量6716億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同比下降(jiang)1.3%。

分產(chan)業(ye)看①，1-5月，第一產(chan)業(ye)用(yong)電量407億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增長9.8%；第二產(chan)業(ye)用(yong)電量22466億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增長1.4%；第三(san)產(chan)業(ye)用(yong)電量5586億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增長1.6%；城鄉居民生活用(yong)電量5066億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增長8.1%。

圖1 2021、2022年分月全社會用電量及其增速

5月份，第一、二、三(san)產業用電量(liang)增速分別(bie)為6.3%、-0.5%和-4.4%；城鄉居民生活(huo)用電量(liang)同(tong)比下(xia)降2.4%。

二、分地區用電情況

1-5月，東(dong)、中、西部和東(dong)北地區②全社(she)會用電量分別為15271、6377、9993和1884億千(qian)瓦時，增速(su)分別為0.7%、6.5%、3.1%和0.6%。

5月份(fen)，東、中、西部和(he)東北地區(qu)全社(she)會用電(dian)量增速分別為-5.5%、2.9%、3.4%和(he)-2.6%。

圖2分地區當月全社會用電量及其增速

1-5月份，除上(shang)海(hai)、廣(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)、廣(guang)(guang)東、遼寧和(he)(he)天津外(wai)，其(qi)他省(sheng)份全(quan)(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)實現正增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，有19個(ge)(ge)省(sheng)份全(quan)(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)超過(guo)(guo)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水平(ping)，全(quan)(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)前5位(wei)的省(sheng)份中，西(xi)(xi)藏增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)為(wei)19.6%（其(qi)中拉薩同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)16.4%，拉動(dong)西(xi)(xi)藏用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)7.7個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)），安徽(hui)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)為(wei)8.6%（其(qi)中合(he)肥(fei)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.5%，拉動(dong)安徽(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)1.4個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)），江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)為(wei)8.6%（其(qi)中贛州同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.5%，拉動(dong)江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)1.5個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)），湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)為(wei)8.2%（其(qi)中武漢同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.4%，拉動(dong)湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)2.2個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)），四(si)川(chuan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)為(wei)7.6%（其(qi)中成都同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9.3%，拉動(dong)四(si)川(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)1.9個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)），其(qi)余還有14個(ge)(ge)省(sheng)份全(quan)(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)超過(guo)(guo)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水平(ping)，依次為(wei)：寧夏（6.9%）、青海(hai)（6.8%）、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)（5.8%）、黑龍江(jiang)（5.5%）、湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)（5.4%）、浙江(jiang)（4.7%）、北(bei)(bei)京（4.5%）、云南(nan)(nan)（4.3%）、河南(nan)(nan)（4.0%）、重慶（3.9%）、陜西(xi)(xi)（3.3%）、貴(gui)州（3.1%）、內(nei)蒙古（2.7%）和(he)(he)福(fu)建（2.6%）。

5月(yue)份(fen)，20個省份(fen)全社會(hui)用電量實現正(zheng)增(zeng)(zeng)長，其中，增(zeng)(zeng)速超過5%的省份(fen)依次為：西藏（22.2%）、云南（15.8%）、寧夏（14.1%）、青海(hai)（8.0%）、四川（6.5%）、安徽（5.7%）、山西（5.5%）。

三、工業和制造業用電情況

1-5月，全國(guo)工業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)22085億千瓦(wa)時(shi)，同比(bi)增長1.5%，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的比(bi)重為65.9%。5月份，全國(guo)工業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)4679億千瓦(wa)時(shi)，同比(bi)下降0.4%，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的比(bi)重為69.7%。

1-5月，全國制造業(ye)(ye)用電量(liang)(liang)16787億(yi)(yi)千瓦時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長0.7%。其中(zhong)，四大高載(zai)能行(xing)業(ye)(ye)用電量(liang)(liang)合計9279億(yi)(yi)千瓦時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長0.3%；高技術及裝備制造業(ye)(ye)③用電量(liang)(liang)3503億(yi)(yi)千瓦時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長1.3%；消費品制造業(ye)(ye)④用電量(liang)(liang)2149億(yi)(yi)千瓦時，同(tong)比(bi)下降0.4%；其他制造業(ye)(ye)⑤行(xing)業(ye)(ye)用電量(liang)(liang)1856億(yi)(yi)千瓦時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長3.5%。

5月份，全國制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3636億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下(xia)(xia)降0.5%；制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)日均用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)117.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)/天(tian)，比(bi)上年(nian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)1.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)/天(tian)，比(bi)上月增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)3.2億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)/天(tian)。其中，四大高載(zai)能(neng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)合計2017億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長0.1%；高技術及裝備制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)754億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下(xia)(xia)降1.3%；消費品(pin)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)466億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下(xia)(xia)降3.3%；其他制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)398億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長1.6%。

圖3 2021、2022年分月制造業日均用電量

四、高載能行業用電情況

1-5月，化(hua)工行業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電量(liang)2229億(yi)千瓦時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)5.0%；建材行業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電量(liang)1524億(yi)千瓦時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比下降(jiang)4.2%；黑(hei)色金屬(shu)冶煉行業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電量(liang)2615億(yi)千瓦時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比下降(jiang)2.5%；有(you)色金屬(shu)冶煉行業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電量(liang)2910億(yi)千瓦時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)1.8%。

5月(yue)份，化工行業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)470億千瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增長5.4%；建材行業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)373億千瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比下(xia)降(jiang)6.6%；黑(hei)色(se)金屬冶(ye)煉行業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)566億千瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比下(xia)降(jiang)2.0%；有色(se)金屬冶(ye)煉行業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)608億千瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增長2.7%。

圖4 2021、2022年重點行業分月用電量(liang)情況

注：①從2018年5月份開始，三次(ci)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)劃分按照(zhao)《國(guo)家(jia)統計局關于(yu)修訂<三次(ci)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)劃分規定(2012)>的(de)通知(zhi)》（國(guo)統設管(guan)函〔2018〕74號）調整(zheng)，為保證數(shu)據(ju)可比，同期數(shu)據(ju)根據(ju)新(xin)標(biao)準重新(xin)進行了分類(lei)。

②東(dong)部地(di)區包括(kuo)(kuo)北京、天津(jin)、河北、上海、江(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)、福建、山東(dong)、廣東(dong)、海南(nan)(nan)10個(ge)省（市）；中部地(di)區包括(kuo)(kuo)山西(xi)(xi)、安徽(hui)、江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)、河南(nan)(nan)、湖北、湖南(nan)(nan)6個(ge)省；西(xi)(xi)部地(di)區包括(kuo)(kuo)內(nei)蒙(meng)古、廣西(xi)(xi)、重慶、四川、貴州、云南(nan)(nan)、西(xi)(xi)藏、陜西(xi)(xi)、甘肅、青海、寧夏、新疆12個(ge)省（市、自(zi)治區）；東(dong)北地(di)區包括(kuo)(kuo)遼寧、吉林、黑龍江(jiang)3個(ge)省。

③高技術及裝備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)包(bao)括：醫藥制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、金屬制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)業(ye)(ye)、通用設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、專(zhuan)用設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、汽車制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、鐵路(lu)/船舶/航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)和其他(ta)運(yun)輸(shu)設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、電氣機(ji)(ji)械(xie)和器材(cai)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)/通信和其他(ta)電子設(she)(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)、儀器儀表制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)9個行(xing)業(ye)(ye)。

④消(xiao)費品制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)包括：農副(fu)食品加工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、食品制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、酒/飲料及精制(zhi)茶制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、煙草制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、紡織業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、紡織服裝/服飾業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、皮革/毛(mao)皮/羽(yu)毛(mao)及其制(zhi)品和制(zhi)鞋業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、木材加工和木/竹/藤/棕(zong)/草制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、家具(ju)制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、造(zao)紙和紙制(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、印(yin)刷和記(ji)錄媒介復(fu)制(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、文(wen)教/工美(mei)/體育和娛樂用品制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)12個行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

⑤其(qi)他(ta)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)行(xing)業(ye)為制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)用(yong)電分(fen)類(lei)的31個行(xing)業(ye)中，除四大高載能行(xing)業(ye)、高技術(shu)及(ji)裝備制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)、消(xiao)費品行(xing)業(ye)之(zhi)外(wai)的其(qi)他(ta)行(xing)業(ye)，包括：石(shi)油/煤炭及(ji)其(qi)他(ta)燃料(liao)加工業(ye)、化學纖維制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)、橡膠和塑料(liao)制(zhi)品業(ye)、其(qi)他(ta)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)、廢棄資源綜合利用(yong)業(ye)、金屬制(zhi)品/機械和設備修理業(ye)6個行(xing)業(ye)。