近日,國家發展改革委、國家能源局印發了《關于鼓勵可再生能源發電企業自建或購買調峰能力增加并網規模的通知》(以下簡稱為《通知》),在應對氣候變化和構建人類命運共同體的大背景下,促進可再生能源發展、保障可再生能源消納是當前最為重要和緊迫的任務之一,可再生能源發電企業自建和購買調峰能力,提供了增加可再生能源并網規模的重要途徑。
一(yi)是鼓勵可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)企業自建(jian)(jian)或(huo)購買(mai)調(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)正當其時。我國力(li)(li)爭2030年(nian)前(qian)實現碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng),2060年(nian)前(qian)實現碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he),是黨中(zhong)央經過(guo)深思熟慮(lv)作出(chu)的(de)重大戰略決(jue)策,事(shi)關(guan)中(zhong)華(hua)民族永續發(fa)(fa)展和(he)構建(jian)(jian)人類命運共同體。實現碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)是一(yi)場硬仗,要構建(jian)(jian)清(qing)潔(jie)低碳(tan)安全(quan)高效的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi),實施可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)替代行動,深化(hua)電(dian)力(li)(li)體制改革,構建(jian)(jian)以(yi)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)為主(zhu)體的(de)新(xin)型電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。我國具有(you)豐(feng)富的(de)風電(dian)、光伏(fu)等新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan),近年(nian)來(lai)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)迅猛發(fa)(fa)展,但(dan)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)出(chu)力(li)(li)具有(you)不(bu)確定性(xing)(xing)(xing),目前(qian)我國電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)靈活性(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)足、調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)不(bu)夠等短板和(he)問題突出(chu),制約更(geng)高比例和(he)更(geng)大規(gui)(gui)(gui)模可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)說,實現碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)關(guan)鍵在促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展,促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展關(guan)鍵在于消(xiao)納(na),保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)關(guan)鍵在于電(dian)網(wang)接入、調(diao)峰(feng)和(he)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。國家鼓勵可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)企業自建(jian)(jian)或(huo)購買(mai)調(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)增(zeng)加并網(wang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)促進(jin)電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)靈活性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)提高,增(zeng)加可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)裝機(ji)和(he)并網(wang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模,保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)2030年(nian)前(qian)碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)、2060年(nian)前(qian)碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)目標如期實現。
二(er)是多渠道增(zeng)加(jia)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)規模,拓展可(ke)再生(sheng)能源發(fa)展空間(jian)。實現(xian)碳達峰、碳中和是一場(chang)(chang)廣泛而(er)深刻的經濟社會系(xi)(xi)統性變革,增(zeng)加(jia)電(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統靈活性和新能源發(fa)電(dian)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)規模需(xu)要(yao)政府部門、電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)、發(fa)電(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)等各方(fang)的共同(tong)努力。此前國家能源局在《關于(yu)2021年風電(dian)、光伏發(fa)電(dian)開發(fa)建設(she)有(you)關事(shi)項(xiang)的通知(zhi)》中指(zhi)出,要(yao)建立保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)性并網(wang)(wang)(wang)、市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)化并網(wang)(wang)(wang)等并網(wang)(wang)(wang)多元保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)機制。各省(區、市(shi)(shi))完成年度非(fei)水電(dian)最(zui)低消納責任(ren)權重所必需(xu)的新增(zeng)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)目,由電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)實行(xing)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)性并網(wang)(wang)(wang)。對于(yu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)性并網(wang)(wang)(wang)范圍以外仍有(you)意愿并網(wang)(wang)(wang)的項(xiang)目,可(ke)通過自建、合建共享或購(gou)買服務等市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)化方(fang)式落實并網(wang)(wang)(wang)條(tiao)件后,由電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)予以并網(wang)(wang)(wang)。《通知(zhi)》進一步明確了(le)引導市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)多渠道增(zeng)加(jia)可(ke)再生(sheng)能源并網(wang)(wang)(wang)規模的政策,對于(yu)調動各類市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)的積(ji)極(ji)性,在保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統安全(quan)穩定運行(xing)的前提下增(zeng)加(jia)可(ke)再生(sheng)能源并網(wang)(wang)(wang),有(you)積(ji)極(ji)的促進作用。
三是提(ti)(ti)出(chu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)或購(gou)(gou)買調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)組織(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi),可(ke)(ke)操作(zuo)性強。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)或購(gou)(gou)買調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)三種(zhong)(zhong)。一(yi)是建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),自(zi)(zi)主調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節運(yun)行。鼓(gu)勵發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)為風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)自(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)型儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)等調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源,或對(dui)存量煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)進行靈活(huo)性改造,通過自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節互補,實現“風(feng)光水(shui)火(huo)儲(chu)(chu)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)運(yun)行,為系統提(ti)(ti)供穩定可(ke)(ke)控(kong)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)要求調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)(zi)源與新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離較(jiao)近才(cai)能(neng)(neng)實現。二是建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),公(gong)網(wang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)度(du)運(yun)行。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)交由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)統一(yi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)度(du),這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)利于統籌(chou)利用發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)不(bu)同地點的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)(zi)源,突破了地理范圍(wei)的(de)(de)局限(xian)性。三是購(gou)(gou)買調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),公(gong)網(wang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)度(du)運(yun)行。對(dui)于部(bu)分新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源企(qi)業(ye)(ye),在(zai)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源條件和技術(shu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)比較(jiao)欠缺,例如不(bu)具備建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),也沒有(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)實施靈活(huo)性改造,就可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)考慮通過市場化(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)購(gou)(gou)買調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)(zi)源,這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)突破了發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)條件的(de)(de)局限(xian)性。
四是科(ke)學確定(ding)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源范圍。《通知》明確了承擔可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源消納對應的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源,包(bao)括抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)電(dian)站、化學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)等新(xin)(xin)型儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)、氣電(dian)、光(guang)熱電(dian)站、靈(ling)活性制(zhi)造改造的(de)(de)煤電(dian),基本上包(bao)括了化學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)和(he)主要的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)源形式。其中,氣電(dian)是指具備(bei)(bei)(bei)快速啟停調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)單循環燃氣輪機,光(guang)熱電(dian)站也必須具備(bei)(bei)(bei)一定(ding)的(de)(de)儲(chu)熱時(shi)長,靈(ling)活性煤電(dian)應按(an)照比常規煤電(dian)機組提升的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)力核定(ding)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源容量。另外,《通知》強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)了不包(bao)括已列(lie)(lie)為(wei)應急(ji)備(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)和(he)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)源的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源。應急(ji)備(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)電(dian)源一般情(qing)況下為(wei)停機備(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)狀態,日(ri)常不具備(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、促進新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源消納的(de)(de)作用(yong)。已列(lie)(lie)為(wei)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)源的(de)(de)機組,已經(jing)在電(dian)力系統中承擔負荷(he)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)消納存量新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源等作用(yong),不能(neng)(neng)重復計列(lie)(lie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力。因此(ci)這兩種電(dian)源不屬于(yu)《文件》所指調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源的(de)(de)范疇。
五是明確(que)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)與新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)模的(de)掛鉤比(bi)例(li)(li)。新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)所需(xu)(xu)的(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li),與電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)具體負荷特性、電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)、新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)模等因素密切(qie)相關,不同(tong)(tong)電(dian)網(wang)的(de)情況不盡(jin)相同(tong)(tong),但都存在一個(ge)比(bi)較(jiao)合(he)(he)理的(de)范圍。調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)比(bi)例(li)(li)太低,不能(neng)(neng)滿足提升(sheng)系(xi)統(tong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節能(neng)(neng)力(li),保障新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)的(de)需(xu)(xu)要(yao);調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)比(bi)例(li)(li)設置(zhi)太高,需(xu)(xu)要(yao)大(da)量投資(zi)(zi)建設調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)利用(yong)率(lv)也會降低,影(ying)響(xiang)系(xi)統(tong)整體效率(lv)和(he)經濟性。《通知》提出了初期掛鉤比(bi)例(li)(li)按照功率(lv)15%,比(bi)例(li)(li)20%以(yi)上優先并網(wang)是比(bi)較(jiao)符合(he)(he)我國大(da)部(bu)分電(dian)網(wang)實(shi)際情況的(de)。由于新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)不僅(jin)要(yao)求調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)功率(lv)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節能(neng)(neng)力(li),還(huan)要(yao)具備一定持續時長,《通知》還(huan)明確(que)了時長應(ying)在4小時以(yi)上,這(zhe)主要(yao)是兼顧了儲能(neng)(neng)型(xing)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)技術特性和(he)電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)平衡(heng)需(xu)(xu)求。
六是(shi)允許調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)源指(zhi)標交(jiao)易,有利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)機制作用(yong)。《通知》提出未用(yong)完的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)源可(ke)交(jiao)易至其他市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti),這對于(yu)(yu)(yu)無補(bu)貼階(jie)段的(de)(de)可(ke)再生(sheng)能源項(xiang)(xiang)目開(kai)發(fa)(fa)權(quan)轉讓是(shi)一(yi)種明(ming)確的(de)(de)制度安(an)排。在可(ke)再生(sheng)能源規模化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展初期,曾一(yi)度出現(xian)過(guo)(guo)“圈而(er)不見(jian)”、“倒賣(mai)指(zhi)標”等亂象,影(ying)響了(le)產業健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展,為此主管部門曾出臺政(zheng)策禁止(zhi)“倒賣(mai)指(zhi)標”,這對于(yu)(yu)(yu)凈化(hua)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)境、恢復市(shi)(shi)場(chang)秩序發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)積(ji)極作用(yong)。而(er)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)資(zi)源轉讓不同(tong)以往,是(shi)在市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)已經(jing)在承擔調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)責任和支付(fu)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)基礎上,通過(guo)(guo)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)方(fang)式對可(ke)再生(sheng)能源項(xiang)(xiang)目開(kai)發(fa)(fa)權(quan)進行轉讓,相應權(quan)益使用(yong)是(shi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)應享有的(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li),有利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)積(ji)極作用(yong)。
七(qi)是提出動態(tai)機(ji)制,因(yin)地制宜(yi)靈活實施。為最大程度激發各類市場主體(ti)的(de)積(ji)極(ji)性,《通知》充分(fen)考慮了各地的(de)系統結構與(yu)市場情(qing)況,一方面支持省級能(neng)源(yuan)主管部門因(yin)地制宜(yi)的(de)對掛鉤比例進(jin)行研(yan)究和適當調整,充分(fen)發揮各個(ge)參與(yu)主體(ti)的(de)能(neng)力;另(ling)一方面明確配建(jian)比例逐年(nian)動態(tai)調整機(ji)制,對于可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)和調峰資源(yuan)相應的(de)技(ji)術進(jin)步(bu)與(yu)產業升(sheng)級,以及(ji)電力系統的(de)演化情(qing)況,都能(neng)夠有及(ji)時(shi)和客觀的(de)反映。
八是明確建(jian)設(she)程序,有(you)(you)利企(qi)業(ye)把控節奏(zou)。為做好(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)域放管服工作,市場(chang)化并網可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)及配(pei)套調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)均(jun)由省級能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)主管部門牽(qian)頭負責(ze),同(tong)時要(yao)求發(fa)(fa)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)和調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)同(tong)步(bu)建(jian)成、同(tong)步(bu)并網,避免(mian)了(le)“虛假承(cheng)諾、騙取指(zhi)標”現象出現。對(dui)于企(qi)業(ye)而言,其更大(da)意(yi)義(yi)在于給企(qi)業(ye)未來發(fa)(fa)展預期提供了(le)政(zheng)策上的保(bao)障,企(qi)業(ye)可(ke)結合自身(shen)優勢,通過合理配(pei)置各類調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan),統籌(chou)安(an)排發(fa)(fa)電(dian)時序,以實現新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)業(ye)的平穩、健康、有(you)(you)序發(fa)(fa)展。但值得注意(yi)的是,《通知》明確“調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)配(pei)建(jian)比例按可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)核準(備案(an))當(dang)年(nian)標準執(zhi)行”,這對(dui)于采用建(jian)設(she)抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等長(chang)建(jian)設(she)周期調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)配(pei)套建(jian)設(she)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的方式(shi)來說(shuo),需要(yao)有(you)(you)更強的統籌(chou)把控能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。
九是綜合(he)作(zuo)用明顯,支持各類調峰(feng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)快速發展(zhan)。長(chang)期以(yi)來,以(yi)抽水蓄能、儲能為代表(biao)的(de)調峰(feng)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)存在著支撐政策(ce)不完(wan)善、服務價(jia)格難界定、受益主體(ti)不明晰、投資(zi)回(hui)報缺(que)保障等(deng)問題,導致市場主體(ti)對(dui)投資(zi)調峰(feng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)缺(que)少積極性,進而(er)(er)影響了電(dian)力系統靈活性的(de)持續提升。《通(tong)知》的(de)出臺正值可再生能源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)成本(ben)逐(zhu)步(bu)下(xia)降、普遍(bian)低于(yu)各地火電(dian)基準(zhun)價(jia)的(de)時機,通(tong)過創新調峰(feng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)疏導方式,有利于(yu)通(tong)過市場化(hua)的(de)方式促進抽水蓄能、電(dian)化(hua)學儲能和光熱發電(dian)等(deng)行業自(zi)主發展(zhan),進而(er)(er)通(tong)過調峰(feng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)規模化(hua)發展(zhan)帶動其高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發展(zhan)。
十是落實監管,全面(mian)構建(jian)保障措(cuo)施。針對(dui)目(mu)前(qian)普(pu)遍存在的(de)“夸大承諾(nuo),打折兌現”亂象,《通(tong)知(zhi)》明(ming)確提(ti)(ti)出(chu)“企業承諾(nuo)、政府備案、過程核查、假(jia)一罰(fa)二(er)”監管機制(zhi),形成了承諾(nuo)—核查—獎懲的(de)完整閉(bi)環,更加(jia)強調履約監督,更加(jia)突(tu)出(chu)效果核查,更加(jia)明(ming)確懲罰(fa)措(cuo)施,尤其假(jia)一罰(fa)二(er)處理方(fang)式的(de)提(ti)(ti)出(chu),更是支持誠信投資企業的(de)創(chuang)新舉措(cuo)。同時,《通(tong)知(zhi)》也提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了在工作組織、并網接入等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)具體(ti)保障措(cuo)施。
注:本文(wen)由電力規(gui)劃設計總院(yuan)王霽雪、徐英新、孫哲執筆。