CSPPLAZA光熱發電網訊:近日,中共中央國務院日前出臺關于新時代加快完善社會主義市場經濟體制的意見,其中稱構建有效競爭的電力市場,有序放開發用電計劃和競爭性環節電價,提高電力交易市場化程度。完善支持非公有制經濟進入電力、油氣等領域的實施細則和具體辦法,大幅放寬服務業領域市場準入,向社會資本釋放更大發展空間。
以下為文件原文:
中共中央國務院關于新時代加快完善社會主義市場經濟體制的意見
(2020年(nian)5月11日)
社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)中(zhong)國特色社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)理論和(he)(he)實踐創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新,是(shi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成部(bu)分。改(gai)革開(kai)放(fang)特別是(shi)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十八大(da)(da)以來(lai),我(wo)國堅持全面深化(hua)改(gai)革,充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)揮經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)牽引(yin)作用,不(bu)斷(duan)完善社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),極大(da)(da)調動了(le)億(yi)萬人民的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極性,極大(da)(da)促進(jin)了(le)生產(chan)力發(fa)(fa)展,極大(da)(da)增強了(le)黨(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)國家的(de)(de)(de)生機(ji)活(huo)力,創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造了(le)世所罕見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展奇跡。同時要(yao)看到,中(zhong)國特色社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)入新時代,社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)要(yao)矛盾發(fa)(fa)生變化(hua),經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)已(yi)由高(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)增長階(jie)段轉(zhuan)向高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展階(jie)段,與這些新形(xing)勢新要(yao)求相比(bi),我(wo)國市(shi)(shi)場體(ti)(ti)(ti)系還不(bu)健(jian)全、市(shi)(shi)場發(fa)(fa)育還不(bu)充(chong)分,政府和(he)(he)市(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)關系沒有完全理順(shun),還存(cun)在(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)場激勵(li)不(bu)足、要(yao)素流(liu)動不(bu)暢、資(zi)源配(pei)置效率不(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、微觀經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)活(huo)力不(bu)強等問題(ti),推動高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展仍(reng)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)不(bu)少體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)障礙,必須進(jin)一步(bu)解放(fang)思想,堅定不(bu)移深化(hua)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)改(gai)革,擴大(da)(da)高(gao)(gao)(gao)水平開(kai)放(fang),不(bu)斷(duan)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)關鍵性基(ji)(ji)礎性重(zhong)大(da)(da)改(gai)革上(shang)(shang)突破創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新。為貫(guan)徹落(luo)實黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十九大(da)(da)和(he)(he)十九屆(jie)四(si)中(zhong)全會(hui)(hui)關于堅持和(he)(he)完善社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)戰略(lve)部(bu)署,在(zai)(zai)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)起點、更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)層次、更(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)目標上(shang)(shang)推進(jin)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革及其他各方面體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革,構(gou)建更(geng)加(jia)系統完備、更(geng)加(jia)成熟定型的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)水平社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),現提(ti)出如下意(yi)見(jian)。
一、總體要求
(一(yi))指導(dao)(dao)思(si)想(xiang)。以(yi)習近(jin)平新時(shi)代中(zhong)國特色社(she)(she)會主義思(si)想(xiang)為(wei)(wei)指導(dao)(dao),全(quan)面(mian)貫(guan)徹黨(dang)的(de)十九(jiu)大和十九(jiu)屆(jie)二(er)中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四中(zhong)全(quan)會精神,堅(jian)(jian)決貫(guan)徹黨(dang)的(de)基(ji)本(ben)理(li)(li)論、基(ji)本(ben)路線、基(ji)本(ben)方略,統籌推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)“五位一(yi)體(ti)(ti)”總(zong)體(ti)(ti)布局(ju)和協調推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)“四個全(quan)面(mian)”戰略布局(ju),堅(jian)(jian)持穩中(zhong)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)工作總(zong)基(ji)調,堅(jian)(jian)持新發展(zhan)理(li)(li)念,堅(jian)(jian)持以(yi)供給側結構性改(gai)革(ge)為(wei)(wei)主線,堅(jian)(jian)持以(yi)人民為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)發展(zhan)思(si)想(xiang),堅(jian)(jian)持和完(wan)善社(she)(she)會主義基(ji)本(ben)經濟制(zhi)度(du),以(yi)完(wan)善產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)制(zhi)度(du)和要素(su)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)(hua)配置為(wei)(wei)重點,全(quan)面(mian)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)經濟體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge),加(jia)快(kuai)完(wan)善社(she)(she)會主義市(shi)(shi)場(chang)經濟體(ti)(ti)制(zhi),建設(she)高標(biao)準(zhun)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),實現產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)有效(xiao)激(ji)勵、要素(su)自由流動、價格反應靈活、競爭公(gong)平有序、企業優勝劣汰,加(jia)強和改(gai)善制(zhi)度(du)供給,推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)國家治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)和治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)能力現代化(hua)(hua),推(tui)動生產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系(xi)同生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力、上層建筑同經濟基(ji)礎相適應,促進(jin)(jin)(jin)更(geng)高質量(liang)、更(geng)有效(xiao)率、更(geng)加(jia)公(gong)平、更(geng)可持續的(de)發展(zhan)。
(二)基本原則
——堅(jian)持(chi)以(yi)習(xi)近平新時(shi)代中國(guo)(guo)特色社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義經濟(ji)(ji)思想為指導。堅(jian)持(chi)和加強黨(dang)的全面(mian)領導,堅(jian)持(chi)和完善中國(guo)(guo)特色社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義制度(du),強化(hua)問題導向(xiang),把(ba)握正確改革策略和方法,持(chi)續優化(hua)經濟(ji)(ji)治理方式,著力(li)(li)構建市場(chang)機制有效、微觀主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)有活力(li)(li)、宏(hong)觀調控有度(du)的經濟(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)制,使中國(guo)(guo)特色社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義制度(du)更加鞏固(gu)、優越性充(chong)分體(ti)(ti)現(xian)。
——堅持解放(fang)和發展生產力。牢(lao)牢(lao)把握社(she)會主義初級(ji)階段這個基本國情,牢(lao)牢(lao)扭住經濟(ji)建設這個中心,發揮(hui)經濟(ji)體制(zhi)改革牽引(yin)作用,協(xie)同推進(jin)(jin)政治、文化、社(she)會、生態文明等領域(yu)改革,促(cu)進(jin)(jin)改革發展高(gao)效聯動,進(jin)(jin)一步解放(fang)和發展社(she)會生產力,不斷滿足(zu)人民(min)日(ri)益增長的美(mei)好生活需要。
——堅持(chi)和完善(shan)社會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)基本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)制度(du)。堅持(chi)和完善(shan)公有(you)(you)制為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)、多(duo)種所有(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)共同發展,按勞(lao)分(fen)配為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)、多(duo)種分(fen)配方(fang)式并(bing)存,社會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)制等社會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)基本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)制度(du),把中國特色社會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)制度(du)與市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)有(you)(you)機結合起來,為(wei)推動高質量發展、建設現代化經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)系(xi)提(ti)供重要(yao)制度(du)保障。
——堅持正確處理政府和市(shi)場關(guan)系。堅持社會主義市(shi)場經濟(ji)改(gai)革方向,更(geng)加尊重市(shi)場經濟(ji)一般規(gui)律,最(zui)大限度減少政府對市(shi)場資源的直(zhi)接配置和對微觀經濟(ji)活動的直(zhi)接干預,充分(fen)發(fa)揮市(shi)場在資源配置中的決定性作(zuo)用,更(geng)好發(fa)揮政府作(zuo)用,有效(xiao)彌補(bu)市(shi)場失靈(ling)。
——堅持以供給側結構性改革為主線(xian)。更多采用改革的(de)(de)辦法(fa),更多運用市場化法(fa)治化手(shou)段,在鞏固、增(zeng)(zeng)強、提升、暢通上下(xia)功夫,加(jia)大結構性改革力度(du),創新(xin)制度(du)供給,不斷增(zeng)(zeng)強經(jing)濟創新(xin)力和競爭力,適應(ying)和引發有效(xiao)需求,促(cu)進(jin)更高水(shui)平的(de)(de)供需動態平衡。
——堅(jian)持擴(kuo)大高水平開(kai)放(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)深化市場(chang)化改革互促共進。堅(jian)定不(bu)移擴(kuo)大開(kai)放(fang)(fang),推動(dong)由商品(pin)和(he)(he)要素流動(dong)型開(kai)放(fang)(fang)向規則(ze)等制(zhi)度型開(kai)放(fang)(fang)轉變,吸收借鑒國際成熟市場(chang)經(jing)(jing)濟制(zhi)度經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)和(he)(he)人類文明有益成果,加(jia)快國內制(zhi)度規則(ze)與國際接軌(gui),以高水平開(kai)放(fang)(fang)促進深層次市場(chang)化改革。
二、堅持公有制為主體(ti)、多種(zhong)所(suo)有制經濟共同發展,增強微觀主體(ti)活力(li)
毫不動(dong)搖鞏固和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)有制經濟,毫不動(dong)搖鼓勵、支持(chi)、引導(dao)非公(gong)有制經濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),探索公(gong)有制多種(zhong)實現形式(shi),支持(chi)民營(ying)企業改革發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),培育(yu)更多充(chong)滿活力的市場主體。
(一)推進(jin)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)濟布(bu)局(ju)優(you)化(hua)和結構(gou)調整(zheng)。堅持有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)退、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所為有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所不為,推動國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)更(geng)多(duo)投(tou)向關系國(guo)(guo)計民生(sheng)的重要領(ling)域(yu)和關系國(guo)(guo)家經(jing)(jing)濟命脈(mo)、科技、國(guo)(guo)防(fang)、安全等(deng)領(ling)域(yu),服務(wu)國(guo)(guo)家戰略目標,增(zeng)強國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)濟競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)、創(chuang)新力(li)(li)、控制力(li)(li)、影響(xiang)力(li)(li)、抗風險(xian)能力(li)(li),做強做優(you)做大(da)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效防(fang)止國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)流失(shi)。對處(chu)于充分競爭(zheng)領(ling)域(yu)的國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)濟,通過資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)化(hua)、證(zheng)券化(hua)等(deng)方(fang)式優(you)化(hua)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)配置,提高(gao)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)收(shou)益。進(jin)一步完善和加強國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)監管,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效發揮國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、運(yun)營公司功能作用,堅持一企(qi)一策,成熟(shu)一個(ge)推動一個(ge),運(yun)行一個(ge)成功一個(ge),盤活存(cun)量國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben),促進(jin)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)保值(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)。
(二(er))積極穩妥推(tui)(tui)進國(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改革。在深入開展重(zhong)點領域混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改革試(shi)點基礎(chu)上,按(an)照(zhao)完(wan)善(shan)治理(li)、強化(hua)激(ji)勵(li)、突出(chu)主業(ye)、提高效(xiao)率(lv)要(yao)求,推(tui)(tui)進混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改革,規范(fan)有(you)(you)序發展混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)濟。對(dui)充分(fen)競爭領域的國(guo)家出(chu)資企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)國(guo)有(you)(you)資本(ben)(ben)運營公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)出(chu)資企(qi)(qi)業(ye),探(tan)索(suo)將部分(fen)國(guo)有(you)(you)股權(quan)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為優先股,強化(hua)國(guo)有(you)(you)資本(ben)(ben)收益功能。支(zhi)持符合(he)條件(jian)的混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)建(jian)立骨干(gan)員工持股、上市(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)股權(quan)激(ji)勵(li)、科技型企(qi)(qi)業(ye)股權(quan)和(he)分(fen)紅(hong)激(ji)勵(li)等中長(chang)期激(ji)勵(li)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。深化(hua)國(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改革,加(jia)快完(wan)善(shan)國(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)法人治理(li)結構和(he)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)經(jing)(jing)營機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),健(jian)全(quan)經(jing)(jing)理(li)層任期制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)契約化(hua)管(guan)理(li),完(wan)善(shan)中國(guo)特色現代(dai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。對(dui)混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye),探(tan)索(suo)建(jian)立有(you)(you)別于(yu)國(guo)有(you)(you)獨資、全(quan)資公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)的治理(li)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)監管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。對(dui)國(guo)有(you)(you)資本(ben)(ben)不(bu)再絕對(dui)控股的混合(he)所(suo)有(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye),探(tan)索(suo)實施更加(jia)靈(ling)活高效(xiao)的監管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。
(三)穩步推(tui)進(jin)自(zi)(zi)然壟(long)(long)斷行(xing)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)。深化以(yi)政企分開(kai)(kai)、政資(zi)分開(kai)(kai)、特許經(jing)營(ying)、政府監管為主要內容的(de)(de)改(gai)革(ge),提(ti)高自(zi)(zi)然壟(long)(long)斷行(xing)業(ye)基(ji)礎(chu)設施供(gong)給質(zhi)量,嚴格監管自(zi)(zi)然壟(long)(long)斷環(huan)節,加快實現競(jing)爭性(xing)環(huan)節市(shi)場(chang)化,切實打(da)破行(xing)政性(xing)壟(long)(long)斷,防止市(shi)場(chang)壟(long)(long)斷。構建有(you)效競(jing)爭的(de)(de)電(dian)力市(shi)場(chang),有(you)序放開(kai)(kai)發用(yong)電(dian)計劃和(he)競(jing)爭性(xing)環(huan)節電(dian)價(jia),提(ti)高電(dian)力交易市(shi)場(chang)化程度。推(tui)進(jin)油氣(qi)管網對市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)公平開(kai)(kai)放,適時放開(kai)(kai)天然氣(qi)氣(qi)源和(he)銷售價(jia)格,健全競(jing)爭性(xing)油氣(qi)流通市(shi)場(chang)。深化鐵(tie)路行(xing)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge),促進(jin)鐵(tie)路運(yun)輸業(ye)務(wu)(wu)市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)多元化和(he)適度競(jing)爭。實現郵政普遍服務(wu)(wu)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)與競(jing)爭性(xing)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)分業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)。完(wan)善煙草專賣(mai)專營(ying)體(ti)制,構建適度競(jing)爭新機制。
(四)營(ying)(ying)造支(zhi)持非公(gong)有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經濟(ji)高質(zhi)量(liang)發展(zhan)(zhan)的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度環境。健全(quan)支(zhi)持民營(ying)(ying)經濟(ji)、外商投資企(qi)業(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)的市場(chang)(chang)、政(zheng)策(ce)、法(fa)治和社會(hui)(hui)環境,進(jin)一步激發活力和創造力。在(zai)要(yao)(yao)素(su)獲取(qu)、準入許可(ke)、經營(ying)(ying)運(yun)行、政(zheng)府采購(gou)和招投標等(deng)(deng)方面(mian)對各(ge)(ge)類(lei)所有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)業(ye)平等(deng)(deng)對待,破除制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)市場(chang)(chang)競爭的各(ge)(ge)類(lei)障(zhang)礙和隱性壁壘,營(ying)(ying)造各(ge)(ge)種所有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主體依法(fa)平等(deng)(deng)使用資源(yuan)要(yao)(yao)素(su)、公(gong)開(kai)公(gong)平公(gong)正參與競爭、同等(deng)(deng)受到法(fa)律保(bao)護的市場(chang)(chang)環境。完善支(zhi)持非公(gong)有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經濟(ji)進(jin)入電(dian)力、油氣等(deng)(deng)領域的實(shi)(shi)施細則和具體辦法(fa),大(da)幅放寬服務(wu)業(ye)領域市場(chang)(chang)準入,向社會(hui)(hui)資本釋放更大(da)發展(zhan)(zhan)空間(jian)。健全(quan)支(zhi)持中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度,增加面(mian)向中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)的金(jin)融(rong)服務(wu)供給(gei),支(zhi)持發展(zhan)(zhan)民營(ying)(ying)銀行、社區銀行等(deng)(deng)中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融(rong)機(ji)構(gou)。完善民營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)融(rong)資增信支(zhi)持體系(xi)。健全(quan)民營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)直接(jie)融(rong)資支(zhi)持制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。健全(quan)清(qing)理和防止拖欠民營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)賬(zhang)款(kuan)長效機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),營(ying)(ying)造有(you)利于化(hua)解民營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)債務(wu)問題的市場(chang)(chang)環境。完善構(gou)建(jian)親清(qing)政(zheng)商關系(xi)的政(zheng)策(ce)體系(xi),建(jian)立規(gui)范化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)政(zheng)企(qi)溝(gou)通渠道(dao),鼓勵民營(ying)(ying)企(qi)業(ye)參與實(shi)(shi)施重大(da)國家(jia)戰略。
三、夯實市(shi)場經濟(ji)基礎性制度(du),保障市(shi)場公平競爭
建設高標(biao)準市(shi)場體系,全(quan)面完善產權、市(shi)場準入(ru)、公(gong)平競爭(zheng)等制度(du),筑(zhu)牢社會主義市(shi)場經濟(ji)有效運行的(de)體制基礎。
(一)全(quan)面(mian)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。健(jian)全(quan)歸屬清(qing)晰、權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)責明確(que)、保護(hu)嚴格、流轉(zhuan)順暢的(de)現代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)(du),加(jia)強產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)激(ji)勵。完(wan)善(shan)(shan)以管資(zi)(zi)本為主(zhu)的(de)經營(ying)性國(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理制(zhi)度(du)(du),加(jia)快(kuai)轉(zhuan)變國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)監(jian)管機構職(zhi)能和履職(zhi)方式。健(jian)全(quan)自然資(zi)(zi)源資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。健(jian)全(quan)以公(gong)平為原則的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保護(hu)制(zhi)度(du)(du),全(quan)面(mian)依法(fa)平等保護(hu)民營(ying)經濟產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),依法(fa)嚴肅查處各類侵害民營(ying)企業(ye)合法(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益的(de)行為。落(luo)實農(nong)村(cun)第二輪土(tu)地承包到期后再延長30年(nian)政策,完(wan)善(shan)(shan)農(nong)村(cun)承包地“三權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分置(zhi)”制(zhi)度(du)(du)。深化(hua)農(nong)村(cun)集體產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)改革,完(wan)善(shan)(shan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)能,將(jiang)經營(ying)性資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)折股(gu)量化(hua)到集體經濟組織(zhi)成(cheng)員,創新農(nong)村(cun)集體經濟有(you)效組織(zhi)形式和運行機制(zhi),完(wan)善(shan)(shan)農(nong)村(cun)基本經營(ying)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。完(wan)善(shan)(shan)和細化(hua)知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)創造(zao)、運用、交易、保護(hu)制(zhi)度(du)(du)規則,加(jia)快(kuai)建立知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)侵權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)懲罰(fa)性賠(pei)償制(zhi)度(du)(du),加(jia)強企業(ye)商(shang)業(ye)秘密保護(hu),完(wan)善(shan)(shan)新領域新業(ye)態知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保護(hu)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。
(二(er))全面(mian)實施市(shi)場(chang)準入(ru)負(fu)面(mian)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)制(zhi)(zhi)度。推行(xing)“全國一張清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)”管理模式,維護清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)的統一性(xing)(xing)和權威性(xing)(xing)。建立市(shi)場(chang)準入(ru)負(fu)面(mian)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)動態(tai)調整機制(zhi)(zhi)和第三(san)方評估(gu)機制(zhi)(zhi),以服務(wu)業為重點試點進一步放寬準入(ru)限制(zhi)(zhi)。建立統一的清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)代(dai)碼體系(xi)(xi),使清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)事項與(yu)行(xing)政審批體系(xi)(xi)緊密銜接、相互匹配。建立市(shi)場(chang)準入(ru)負(fu)面(mian)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)信息公開機制(zhi)(zhi),提升(sheng)準入(ru)政策(ce)透明度和負(fu)面(mian)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)使用便捷性(xing)(xing)。建立市(shi)場(chang)準入(ru)評估(gu)制(zhi)(zhi)度,定(ding)期評估(gu)、排(pai)查(cha)、清(qing)(qing)理各(ge)類顯性(xing)(xing)和隱性(xing)(xing)壁壘,推動“非禁即入(ru)”普遍落實。改革生產許可制(zhi)(zhi)度。
(三)全(quan)面落實(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)查(cha)制度。完善(shan)競爭(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)策框架(jia),建立健全(quan)競爭(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)策實(shi)施機制,強化競爭(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)策基礎(chu)地位。強化公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)查(cha)的(de)剛性約束,修訂完善(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)查(cha)實(shi)施細則,建立公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)查(cha)抽(chou)查(cha)、考(kao)核(he)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)示制度,建立健全(quan)第三方審(shen)查(cha)和評估機制。統(tong)籌做好增(zeng)量(liang)審(shen)查(cha)和存量(liang)清理,逐步(bu)清理廢除妨礙全(quan)國統(tong)一(yi)市場(chang)和公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)存量(liang)政(zheng)策。建立違(wei)反(fan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)問(wen)題反(fan)映和舉報綠(lv)色通道(dao)。加(jia)強和改進(jin)反(fan)壟斷和反(fan)不正當競爭(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法,加(jia)大執(zhi)(zhi)法力度,提高(gao)違(wei)法成本(ben)。培育(yu)和弘(hong)揚(yang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)文化,進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)營(ying)造公(gong)(gong)(gong)平競爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)社會環(huan)境。
四、構(gou)建更加完善(shan)的(de)要素市場化配置體制機制,進一步激發全社會創造力和市場活力
以要(yao)素市(shi)(shi)場化配置(zhi)改革為重點,加(jia)快建(jian)設統一開放、競爭有序的市(shi)(shi)場體系,推進(jin)要(yao)素市(shi)(shi)場制(zhi)度(du)建(jian)設,實現要(yao)素價格市(shi)(shi)場決(jue)定(ding)、流動(dong)自主有序、配置(zhi)高效公平。
(一(yi))建(jian)立健全(quan)統一(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)放(fang)的(de)(de)要素(su)市(shi)場。加(jia)(jia)快建(jian)設(she)(she)城(cheng)鄉統一(yi)的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)地(di)市(shi)場,建(jian)立同權(quan)(quan)同價(jia)(jia)、流(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)順暢、收益共(gong)享(xiang)的(de)(de)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)集體經營性建(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)地(di)入市(shi)制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。探(tan)索農(nong)村(cun)(cun)宅基(ji)地(di)所有權(quan)(quan)、資(zi)(zi)格權(quan)(quan)、使用(yong)權(quan)(quan)“三權(quan)(quan)分置(zhi)”,深化農(nong)村(cun)(cun)宅基(ji)地(di)改(gai)革試點。深化戶籍制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)改(gai)革,放(fang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)放(fang)寬除(chu)個別超大城(cheng)市(shi)外的(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)落戶限制(zhi),探(tan)索實(shi)行(xing)城(cheng)市(shi)群(qun)內戶口(kou)通遷、居住證互認制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。推動(dong)公(gong)共(gong)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)由按(an)城(cheng)市(shi)行(xing)政等級配置(zhi)向按(an)實(shi)際服務管(guan)理人口(kou)規模配置(zhi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)。加(jia)(jia)快建(jian)立規范、透明(ming)、開(kai)(kai)(kai)放(fang)、有活力、有韌(ren)性的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)本市(shi)場,加(jia)(jia)強資(zi)(zi)本市(shi)場基(ji)礎(chu)制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)建(jian)設(she)(she),推動(dong)以信息披(pi)露為核心的(de)(de)股票發(fa)行(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)冊制(zhi)改(gai)革,完(wan)善強制(zhi)退市(shi)和主動(dong)退市(shi)制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du),提高上市(shi)公(gong)司(si)質(zhi)量,強化投資(zi)(zi)者保(bao)護(hu)。探(tan)索實(shi)行(xing)公(gong)司(si)信用(yong)類債券發(fa)行(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)冊管(guan)理制(zhi)。構建(jian)與實(shi)體經濟結構和融資(zi)(zi)需求(qiu)相適(shi)應、多層次、廣覆蓋、有差(cha)異的(de)(de)銀行(xing)體系。加(jia)(jia)快培育發(fa)展數(shu)(shu)據(ju)要素(su)市(shi)場,建(jian)立數(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)清單管(guan)理機(ji)制(zhi),完(wan)善數(shu)(shu)據(ju)權(quan)(quan)屬界定、開(kai)(kai)(kai)放(fang)共(gong)享(xiang)、交易流(liu)通等標準和措(cuo)施,發(fa)揮(hui)社(she)會數(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)價(jia)(jia)值。推進數(shu)(shu)字政府建(jian)設(she)(she),加(jia)(jia)強數(shu)(shu)據(ju)有序共(gong)享(xiang),依法保(bao)護(hu)個人信息。
(二(er))推進(jin)要素(su)(su)價格(ge)(ge)(ge)市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)改(gai)革。健(jian)全主要由市場(chang)(chang)決(jue)定價格(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),最大限度減少政(zheng)府對價格(ge)(ge)(ge)形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)不當(dang)干預(yu)。完(wan)善城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建設用(yong)(yong)地價格(ge)(ge)(ge)形成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)存量土(tu)地盤(pan)活(huo)利(li)用(yong)(yong)政(zheng)策,推動實(shi)施(shi)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)低(di)效用(yong)(yong)地再開(kai)(kai)發(fa),在(zai)符合國土(tu)空間規劃前提下(xia),推動土(tu)地復合開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)(yong)、用(yong)(yong)途合理轉換(huan)。深化(hua)利(li)率市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)改(gai)革,健(jian)全基(ji)準(zhun)利(li)率和(he)(he)市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)利(li)率體系,更好發(fa)揮國債收(shou)益率曲線定價基(ji)準(zhun)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),提升(sheng)金融(rong)機(ji)構自主定價能力。完(wan)善人民幣匯(hui)率市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)形成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),增強雙向浮動彈性。加快(kuai)全國技(ji)術交易(yi)平臺建設,積極發(fa)展科技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果、專利(li)等資(zi)產評估服務,促進(jin)技(ji)術要素(su)(su)有(you)序流動和(he)(he)價格(ge)(ge)(ge)合理形成(cheng)(cheng)。
(三(san))創新(xin)要素市(shi)場化配(pei)置方式。縮小土地(di)征(zheng)收(shou)范圍,嚴格界定(ding)公共(gong)利益用(yong)地(di)范圍,建立(li)土地(di)征(zheng)收(shou)目錄和公共(gong)利益用(yong)地(di)認(ren)定(ding)機(ji)制(zhi)。推進國(guo)有企事業單位改革改制(zhi)土地(di)資產處置,促進存量劃(hua)撥土地(di)盤活(huo)利用(yong)。健全工業用(yong)地(di)多(duo)(duo)主(zhu)體多(duo)(duo)方式供地(di)制(zhi)度,在符合國(guo)土空間規劃(hua)前提(ti)下,探(tan)索(suo)增加混合產業用(yong)地(di)供給。促進勞動力、人才社會性流動,完善(shan)企事業單位人才流動機(ji)制(zhi),暢通人才跨(kua)所(suo)有制(zhi)流動渠道。抓住全球(qiu)人才流動新(xin)機(ji)遇,構(gou)建更加開放(fang)的國(guo)際人才交流合作(zuo)機(ji)制(zhi)。
(四)推(tui)進(jin)商(shang)品和服務市(shi)(shi)(shi)場提質增效。推(tui)進(jin)商(shang)品市(shi)(shi)(shi)場創新發展,完善(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場運行和監管規則,全面推(tui)進(jin)重要產品信息化(hua)追溯(su)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設,建(jian)立打擊假冒偽劣(lie)商(shang)品長效機制(zhi)。構建(jian)優(you)勢(shi)互(hu)補、協作配套的現代(dai)服務市(shi)(shi)(shi)場體(ti)系(xi)。深化(hua)流通體(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge),加強全鏈條標準體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設,發展“互(hu)聯網+流通”,降低全社會(hui)物流成本。強化(hua)消費(fei)者權益保護,探(tan)索建(jian)立集體(ti)訴訟制(zhi)度。
五、創新(xin)政府管理和服務方式(shi),完善宏觀經濟治理體制
完善(shan)政(zheng)府經(jing)濟調(diao)節、市(shi)場(chang)監管(guan)、社(she)會管(guan)理(li)(li)、公共服(fu)務、生態環(huan)境保護等職能,創新和完善(shan)宏觀調(diao)控,進(jin)一步(bu)提高宏觀經(jing)濟治理(li)(li)能力。
(一)構建有效(xiao)協(xie)調(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)控(kong)新機制。加快建立與高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)求相適應(ying)、體(ti)現新發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念的(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)控(kong)目(mu)標體(ti)系(xi)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體(ti)系(xi)、決(jue)策(ce)(ce)協(xie)調(diao)(diao)體(ti)系(xi)、監督考評體(ti)系(xi)和(he)保(bao)障體(ti)系(xi)。健全(quan)以國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)為(wei)戰略導向,以財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)、貨幣(bi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)和(he)就業(ye)優先(xian)(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)為(wei)主要(yao)手段,投資、消(xiao)費、產業(ye)、區域(yu)等(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)協(xie)同發(fa)(fa)力的(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)控(kong)制度(du)(du)體(ti)系(xi),增(zeng)強(qiang)宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)控(kong)前瞻性(xing)、針對性(xing)、協(xie)同性(xing)。完(wan)(wan)善國(guo)(guo)家重大(da)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略和(he)中(zhong)長期(qi)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)制度(du)(du)。科學穩(wen)健把(ba)握宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)逆(ni)周期(qi)調(diao)(diao)節力度(du)(du),更好發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)對經(jing)濟(ji)結構優化(hua)升(sheng)級的(de)(de)(de)支持作用(yong)(yong),健全(quan)貨幣(bi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)和(he)宏(hong)觀(guan)(guan)審慎政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)雙(shuang)支柱調(diao)(diao)控(kong)框(kuang)架。實施就業(ye)優先(xian)(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce),發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)民生政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)兜(dou)底功能(neng)。完(wan)(wan)善促進消(xiao)費的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)制機制,增(zeng)強(qiang)消(xiao)費對經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)。深(shen)化(hua)投融(rong)資體(ti)制改革,發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)投資對優化(hua)供給結構的(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)。加強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)家經(jing)濟(ji)安(an)全(quan)保(bao)障制度(du)(du)建設,構建國(guo)(guo)家糧(liang)食安(an)全(quan)和(he)戰略資源(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)儲備體(ti)系(xi)。優化(hua)經(jing)濟(ji)治理基(ji)礎(chu)數據(ju)庫(ku)。強(qiang)化(hua)經(jing)濟(ji)監測(ce)預測(ce)預警能(neng)力,充分利用(yong)(yong)大(da)數據(ju)、人工智能(neng)等(deng)新技術,建立重大(da)風(feng)險識別和(he)預警機制,加強(qiang)社(she)會預期(qi)管(guan)理。
(二)加快建(jian)(jian)立現(xian)代財(cai)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。優化政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)間(jian)事(shi)權和(he)財(cai)權劃分(fen)(fen),建(jian)(jian)立權責(ze)清(qing)晰、財(cai)力(li)(li)協調、區域均衡(heng)的(de)(de)中央(yang)和(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)關系,形(xing)成穩定的(de)(de)各級政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)事(shi)權、支出責(ze)任(ren)和(he)財(cai)力(li)(li)相(xiang)適應(ying)的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。適當加強(qiang)(qiang)中央(yang)在(zai)知識產權保護、養老保險、跨區域生態(tai)環(huan)境保護等方(fang)面事(shi)權,減少并規范(fan)中央(yang)和(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)共同事(shi)權。完(wan)善(shan)標準科學、規范(fan)透明、約(yue)束有(you)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)預算制(zhi)(zhi)度(du),全面實施預算績效(xiao)(xiao)管理,提高財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)(zi)金使用效(xiao)(xiao)率。依(yi)法構建(jian)(jian)管理規范(fan)、責(ze)任(ren)清(qing)晰、公(gong)開透明、風險可控的(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)舉債融(rong)資(zi)(zi)機制(zhi)(zhi),強(qiang)(qiang)化監督問(wen)責(ze)。清(qing)理規范(fan)地(di)(di)方(fang)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)平(ping)臺公(gong)司,剝離政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)職(zhi)能。深化稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)改革,完(wan)善(shan)直(zhi)接稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)并逐步提高其比重(zhong)。研究(jiu)將部分(fen)(fen)品目消費稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)征收環(huan)節后移。建(jian)(jian)立和(he)完(wan)善(shan)綜合與分(fen)(fen)類相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)個人所得(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。穩妥推進房地(di)(di)產稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)立法。健全地(di)(di)方(fang)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體系,調整完(wan)善(shan)地(di)(di)方(fang)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi),培育壯大(da)地(di)(di)方(fang)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源,穩步擴(kuo)大(da)地(di)(di)方(fang)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管理權。
(三)強(qiang)(qiang)化貨(huo)(huo)幣(bi)政(zheng)策(ce)、宏(hong)觀審(shen)慎政(zheng)策(ce)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)監(jian)(jian)管協調。建設現代(dai)中(zhong)央銀行制(zhi)度,健(jian)全(quan)中(zhong)央銀行貨(huo)(huo)幣(bi)政(zheng)策(ce)決(jue)策(ce)機制(zhi),完善基礎貨(huo)(huo)幣(bi)投放機制(zhi),推動貨(huo)(huo)幣(bi)政(zheng)策(ce)從數量型調控(kong)為(wei)主(zhu)向價格型調控(kong)為(wei)主(zhu)轉型。建立(li)現代(dai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)監(jian)(jian)管體系(xi),全(quan)面加強(qiang)(qiang)宏(hong)觀審(shen)慎管理(li),強(qiang)(qiang)化綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)管,突出(chu)功(gong)能監(jian)(jian)管和(he)(he)行為(wei)監(jian)(jian)管,制(zhi)定(ding)交(jiao)叉性金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)產(chan)品監(jian)(jian)管規(gui)則。加強(qiang)(qiang)薄(bo)弱(ruo)環節金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)監(jian)(jian)管制(zhi)度建設,消除監(jian)(jian)管空(kong)白,守(shou)住不發生系(xi)統(tong)性金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)底線(xian)。依法依規(gui)界定(ding)中(zhong)央和(he)(he)地(di)方金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)監(jian)(jian)管權責(ze)分工,強(qiang)(qiang)化地(di)方政(zheng)府屬地(di)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)監(jian)(jian)管職(zhi)責(ze)和(he)(he)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)處(chu)置(zhi)責(ze)任。建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)消費者保護基本(ben)制(zhi)度。有序實現人(ren)民幣(bi)資本(ben)項目可兌(dui)換,穩(wen)步推進人(ren)民幣(bi)國際化。
(四)全面(mian)完(wan)善科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)制(zhi)(zhi)度和(he)組織體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。加強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)設,編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)一輪國(guo)(guo)家(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發展規(gui)(gui)劃(hua),強(qiang)化(hua)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)戰略科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)力量,構建(jian)社會主義(yi)市(shi)場經濟條件下關(guan)(guan)鍵核(he)(he)心技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻關(guan)(guan)新(xin)型舉國(guo)(guo)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)科(ke)(ke)研資源進(jin)一步(bu)聚焦重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)領域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)單位。健全鼓勵支(zhi)持(chi)基礎(chu)研究、原(yuan)始創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)的體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),在重(zhong)要(yao)領域(yu)適(shi)度超前布局建(jian)設國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)基礎(chu)設施,研究建(jian)立(li)重(zhong)大(da)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)基礎(chu)設施建(jian)設運營(ying)多元投入(ru)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),支(zhi)持(chi)民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)參與(yu)關(guan)(guan)鍵領域(yu)核(he)(he)心技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)攻關(guan)(guan)。建(jian)立(li)健全應對重(zhong)大(da)公共事件科(ke)(ke)研儲(chu)備和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。改(gai)革(ge)完(wan)善中(zhong)(zhong)央財政科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)計劃(hua)形成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)組織實施機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),更多支(zhi)持(chi)企(qi)業(ye)承(cheng)擔(dan)科(ke)(ke)研任務,激(ji)勵企(qi)業(ye)加大(da)研發投入(ru),提(ti)高科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)績效。建(jian)立(li)以企(qi)業(ye)為主體(ti)(ti)(ti)、市(shi)場為導向、產學研深度融(rong)合(he)的技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi),支(zhi)持(chi)大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)業(ye)和(he)各(ge)類(lei)主體(ti)(ti)(ti)融(rong)通創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin),創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)促進(jin)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),完(wan)善技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)公開交易(yi)與(yu)監管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi),推動(dong)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)和(he)產業(ye)化(hua)。完(wan)善科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)才發現、培(pei)養、激(ji)勵機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),健全符(fu)合(he)科(ke)(ke)研規(gui)(gui)律的科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)政策體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi),改(gai)進(jin)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)評價體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi),試點(dian)(dian)賦予(yu)科(ke)(ke)研人(ren)員(yuan)職務科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)所有(you)權或(huo)長期(qi)使(shi)用(yong)權。
(五)完善(shan)產(chan)業政(zheng)策(ce)和(he)區(qu)(qu)域政(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系。推動(dong)(dong)產(chan)業政(zheng)策(ce)向普惠化(hua)和(he)功(gong)能性轉(zhuan)型(xing),強(qiang)化(hua)對(dui)技(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)和(he)結構(gou)升級的支持,加強(qiang)產(chan)業政(zheng)策(ce)和(he)競(jing)爭政(zheng)策(ce)協(xie)同(tong)。健全推動(dong)(dong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)先進(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)造業、振興(xing)實體(ti)經濟的體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。建(jian)(jian)立市場化(hua)法(fa)治化(hua)化(hua)解過剩(sheng)產(chan)能長(chang)效機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),健全有利于促進(jin)市場化(hua)兼并重(zhong)組、轉(zhuan)型(xing)升級的體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)政(zheng)策(ce)。構(gou)建(jian)(jian)區(qu)(qu)域協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),完善(shan)京津冀協(xie)同(tong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、長(chang)江(jiang)經濟帶發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、長(chang)江(jiang)三角洲區(qu)(qu)域一體(ti)化(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、粵港(gang)澳大灣(wan)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設、黃(huang)河流(liu)域生態保護(hu)和(he)高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)等國家重(zhong)大區(qu)(qu)域戰略推進(jin)實施(shi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),形成(cheng)主體(ti)功(gong)能明顯、優勢互補(bu)、高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的區(qu)(qu)域經濟布(bu)局。健全城(cheng)鄉融合發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。
(六)以一(yi)流營(ying)商(shang)(shang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)建(jian)設為(wei)牽引持續優化(hua)(hua)(hua)政(zheng)府服務(wu)(wu)。深(shen)(shen)入推(tui)進(jin)“放管服”改(gai)(gai)革,深(shen)(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)審(shen)批(pi)制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)(gai)革,進(jin)一(yi)步精簡(jian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)許可事項,對(dui)所(suo)有涉企經營(ying)許可事項實行(xing)(xing)(xing)“證(zheng)(zheng)照分離”改(gai)(gai)革,大(da)力(li)推(tui)進(jin)“照后減證(zheng)(zheng)”。全(quan)面開(kai)展工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設項目審(shen)批(pi)制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)(gai)革。深(shen)(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)投(tou)(tou)資審(shen)批(pi)制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)(gai)革,簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、整(zheng)合(he)投(tou)(tou)資項目報建(jian)手續,推(tui)進(jin)投(tou)(tou)資項目承諾制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)革,依托全(quan)國投(tou)(tou)資項目在線(xian)審(shen)批(pi)監管平臺(tai)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)事中事后監管。創新行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)和服務(wu)(wu)方式,深(shen)(shen)入開(kai)展“互(hu)聯網(wang)+政(zheng)務(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)”,加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)全(quan)國一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)政(zheng)務(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)平臺(tai)建(jian)設。建(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)運用互(hu)聯網(wang)、大(da)數(shu)據(ju)、人工(gong)智能等技術手段進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)的(de)制(zhi)度(du)規(gui)則(ze)。落實《優化(hua)(hua)(hua)營(ying)商(shang)(shang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)條例(li)》,完善營(ying)商(shang)(shang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)評(ping)價(jia)體(ti)系,適時在全(quan)國范圍開(kai)展營(ying)商(shang)(shang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)評(ping)價(jia),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)打(da)造市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)(hua)、法治化(hua)(hua)(hua)、國際(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)營(ying)商(shang)(shang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)。
(七)構建(jian)(jian)適應高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展要求的(de)社會(hui)信(xin)(xin)用體(ti)(ti)系(xi)和新(xin)(xin)型(xing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)誠(cheng)信(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)設長效機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi),推進信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)共享,建(jian)(jian)立政(zheng)府部(bu)門信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)向市(shi)場主體(ti)(ti)有序(xu)開放機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)覆蓋全(quan)(quan)社會(hui)的(de)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),培育(yu)具(ju)有全(quan)(quan)球話語權(quan)的(de)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構和信(xin)(xin)用評級(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構。實施“信(xin)(xin)易+”工程。完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)失(shi)信(xin)(xin)主體(ti)(ti)信(xin)(xin)用修復(fu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。建(jian)(jian)立政(zheng)務誠(cheng)信(xin)(xin)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),建(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)政(zheng)府失(shi)信(xin)(xin)責(ze)任追(zhui)究制(zhi)度。嚴(yan)格市(shi)場監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),加強(qiang)違(wei)法懲戒。加強(qiang)市(shi)場監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)改革(ge)創新(xin)(xin),健(jian)全(quan)(quan)以“雙隨(sui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、一公開”監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)基本手段、以重(zhong)點(dian)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)補充、以信(xin)(xin)用監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)基礎的(de)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。以食品安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、藥(yao)品安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、疫苗安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)為(wei)重(zhong)點(dian),健(jian)全(quan)(quan)統一權(quan)威(wei)的(de)全(quan)(quan)過程食品藥(yao)品安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)網絡(luo)市(shi)場規制(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),促(cu)進網絡(luo)市(shi)場健(jian)康發(fa)(fa)展。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)對新(xin)(xin)業(ye)態的(de)包(bao)容審慎監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)度。
六、堅持和完(wan)善民生保障制度,促(cu)進社會(hui)公平正義
堅持按勞分配為(wei)主體、多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)分配方式并存,優化收入分配格局,健全可持續的多(duo)(duo)層次社會保障體系(xi),讓改革發(fa)展(zhan)成果更多(duo)(duo)更公平(ping)惠及(ji)全體人民。
(一(yi))健全(quan)體現效(xiao)率、促進公平的(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)制(zhi)度(du)。堅持多(duo)(duo)勞(lao)多(duo)(duo)得,著重保(bao)護勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)所得,增加勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)特別是一(yi)線勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou),提(ti)高勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)在初(chu)次(ci)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)比重,在經(jing)濟增長的(de)同(tong)(tong)時實現居(ju)民(min)收(shou)(shou)(shou)入同(tong)(tong)步增長,在勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率提(ti)高的(de)同(tong)(tong)時實現勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)同(tong)(tong)步提(ti)高。健全(quan)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、資(zi)(zi)本、土地、知識(shi)、技術、管理(li)、數據等生產(chan)要(yao)素由市(shi)場評價貢獻(xian)、按貢獻(xian)決定報(bao)(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)的(de)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)善(shan)企(qi)業薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)調查和信(xin)息發布制(zhi)度(du),健全(quan)最低(di)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)標準調整機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。推進高校、科(ke)研院所薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)制(zhi)度(du)改革,擴(kuo)大工(gong)資(zi)(zi)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)自主權。鼓勵企(qi)事(shi)業單位(wei)對科(ke)研人員等實行(xing)靈活多(duo)(duo)樣的(de)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)形式。健全(quan)以稅收(shou)(shou)(shou)、社會保(bao)障(zhang)、轉移(yi)支付等為主要(yao)手段的(de)再(zai)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)調節機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)善(shan)第三(san)次(ci)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi),發展慈善(shan)等社會公益事(shi)業。多(duo)(duo)措(cuo)并舉促進城鄉居(ju)民(min)增收(shou)(shou)(shou),縮小收(shou)(shou)(shou)入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)差距,擴(kuo)大中(zhong)(zhong)等收(shou)(shou)(shou)入群體。
(二)完(wan)(wan)善覆蓋(gai)全(quan)民的(de)(de)社(she)會保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障體系。健全(quan)統籌(chou)城鄉(xiang)、可(ke)持(chi)續的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)度、基(ji)(ji)本醫(yi)療(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)度,穩(wen)步提高保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障水平(ping)。實(shi)(shi)施企業(ye)職(zhi)工基(ji)(ji)本養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)中(zhong)央調劑制(zhi)(zhi)度,盡快(kuai)(kuai)實(shi)(shi)現養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)全(quan)國統籌(chou),促進(jin)基(ji)(ji)本養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)長期平(ping)衡。全(quan)面推(tui)開(kai)中(zhong)央和(he)地(di)方劃轉部分國有(you)資本充實(shi)(shi)社(she)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)工作。大力(li)發展(zhan)企業(ye)年(nian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、職(zhi)業(ye)年(nian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、個(ge)人儲(chu)蓄性養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)和(he)商業(ye)養(yang)(yang)老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)。深化醫(yi)藥(yao)衛生體制(zhi)(zhi)改革,完(wan)(wan)善統一的(de)(de)城鄉(xiang)居民醫(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)和(he)大病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)度,健全(quan)基(ji)(ji)本醫(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)籌(chou)資和(he)待遇(yu)調整(zheng)機制(zhi)(zhi),持(chi)續推(tui)進(jin)醫(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)支付方式改革,加快(kuai)(kuai)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)異地(di)就(jiu)醫(yi)結算制(zhi)(zhi)度。完(wan)(wan)善失業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)度。開(kai)展(zhan)新(xin)業(ye)態從業(ye)人員職(zhi)業(ye)傷害(hai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障試點(dian)。統籌(chou)完(wan)(wan)善社(she)會救(jiu)助、社(she)會福(fu)利、慈善事業(ye)、優撫安置等制(zhi)(zhi)度。加強(qiang)社(she)會救(jiu)助資源統籌(chou),完(wan)(wan)善基(ji)(ji)本民生保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障兜底機制(zhi)(zhi)。加快(kuai)(kuai)建立多主(zhu)體供給(gei)、多渠(qu)道(dao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障、租購(gou)并(bing)舉的(de)(de)住(zhu)房制(zhi)(zhi)度,改革住(zhu)房公積金(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)度。
(三)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)公(gong)共衛生(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)急(ji)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)。強(qiang)化公(gong)共衛生(sheng)(sheng)法(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)(bao)障,完善公(gong)共衛生(sheng)(sheng)領域相關法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)。把生(sheng)(sheng)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)納入(ru)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi),系(xi)(xi)(xi)統規(gui)劃國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風險(xian)防控和治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)建(jian)(jian)設,全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提高國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)治(zhi)理(li)能(neng)力。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)公(gong)共衛生(sheng)(sheng)服務體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi),優(you)化醫(yi)療衛生(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)源(yuan)投入(ru)結(jie)構,加強(qiang)農村、社區等(deng)基層防控能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)設。完善優(you)化重(zhong)(zhong)大疫(yi)情救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)治(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi),建(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分級、分層、分流的(de)傳染病(bing)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)大疫(yi)情救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)治(zhi)機制。完善突(tu)發重(zhong)(zhong)特大疫(yi)情防控規(gui)范和應(ying)急(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)治(zhi)管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)重(zhong)(zhong)大疾病(bing)醫(yi)療保(bao)(bao)險(xian)和救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)制度(du),完善應(ying)急(ji)醫(yi)療救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)機制。探索建(jian)(jian)立特殊群體(ti)、特定疾病(bing)醫(yi)藥費豁免制度(du)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)統一(yi)的(de)應(ying)急(ji)物資(zi)保(bao)(bao)障體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi),優(you)化重(zhong)(zhong)要應(ying)急(ji)物資(zi)產能(neng)保(bao)(bao)障和區域布局,健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)儲備體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi),完善儲備品類(lei)、規(gui)模、結(jie)構,提升儲備效能(neng)。
七、建設更高(gao)水(shui)平開放型經濟新體(ti)制,以開放促改革促發展
實行(xing)更(geng)(geng)加積極(ji)主動的(de)開(kai)放戰略,全(quan)(quan)面對(dui)接(jie)國際高標準市場(chang)規(gui)則體系,實施更(geng)(geng)大范圍、更(geng)(geng)寬(kuan)領域、更(geng)(geng)深層次的(de)全(quan)(quan)面開(kai)放。
(一)以(yi)“一帶(dai)一路(lu)”建設為重點構建對外(wai)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)新格局(ju)。堅持(chi)互利共贏的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)戰(zhan)略,推動共建“一帶(dai)一路(lu)”走(zou)深(shen)走(zou)實和高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan),促(cu)(cu)進(jin)商品、資金、技術、人(ren)員更(geng)大(da)(da)范(fan)圍流(liu)通,依托各類(lei)開(kai)發(fa)區發(fa)展(zhan)高水平(ping)經貿產業合作園(yuan)區,加強(qiang)市場、規則、標(biao)準方面的(de)(de)(de)軟聯通,強(qiang)化合作機制建設。加大(da)(da)西部(bu)(bu)和沿邊地區開(kai)放(fang)(fang)力度(du),推進(jin)西部(bu)(bu)陸(lu)海(hai)新通道建設,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)東中(zhong)西互動協(xie)同開(kai)放(fang)(fang),加快形成(cheng)陸(lu)海(hai)內外(wai)聯動、東西雙向(xiang)互濟的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)格局(ju)。
(二)加快自(zi)由(you)貿易(yi)試(shi)驗區、自(zi)由(you)貿易(yi)港(gang)(gang)等對(dui)外(wai)開放高地建設(she)。深化(hua)(hua)自(zi)由(you)貿易(yi)試(shi)驗區改(gai)革,在(zai)更(geng)大(da)范圍復制推廣(guang)改(gai)革成果。建設(she)好(hao)中國(上海)自(zi)由(you)貿易(yi)試(shi)驗區臨港(gang)(gang)新(xin)片區,賦予其更(geng)大(da)的自(zi)主(zhu)發展、自(zi)主(zhu)改(gai)革和自(zi)主(zhu)創新(xin)管(guan)理權限。聚(ju)焦(jiao)貿易(yi)投(tou)資自(zi)由(you)化(hua)(hua)便利化(hua)(hua),穩(wen)步推進海南自(zi)由(you)貿易(yi)港(gang)(gang)建設(she)。
(三)健(jian)全高水平(ping)(ping)開(kai)放政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)保障機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。推(tui)進(jin)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),拓展(zhan)對外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)元化,提升一般(ban)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)出口(kou)產(chan)(chan)品附加(jia)值,推(tui)動(dong)加(jia)工貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈升級和服務(wu)(wu)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)創新發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。辦好中國國際(ji)(ji)進(jin)口(kou)博覽(lan)會,更大規模增加(jia)商(shang)品和服務(wu)(wu)進(jin)口(kou),降低關稅總水平(ping)(ping),努力消除(chu)非關稅貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)壁壘,大幅削減進(jin)出口(kou)環(huan)節制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)性(xing)成本,促(cu)進(jin)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。推(tui)動(dong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)、服務(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、農業(ye)(ye)(ye)擴大開(kai)放,在更多(duo)領域(yu)允許外(wai)(wai)資(zi)控股或獨資(zi)經(jing)營,全面(mian)取消外(wai)(wai)資(zi)準入負面(mian)清(qing)單(dan)之外(wai)(wai)的限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。健(jian)全外(wai)(wai)商(shang)投資(zi)準入前國民待遇加(jia)負面(mian)清(qing)單(dan)管理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du),推(tui)動(dong)規則、規制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、管理(li)(li)、標準等制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)型開(kai)放。健(jian)全外(wai)(wai)商(shang)投資(zi)國家(jia)(jia)安全審查、反壟斷審查、國家(jia)(jia)技術安全清(qing)單(dan)管理(li)(li)、不可靠實(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)清(qing)單(dan)等制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。健(jian)全促(cu)進(jin)對外(wai)(wai)投資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)和服務(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)系。全面(mian)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)外(wai)(wai)商(shang)投資(zi)法及其(qi)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)條例,促(cu)進(jin)內外(wai)(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公平(ping)(ping)競爭(zheng),建立健(jian)全外(wai)(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)投訴(su)工作(zuo)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),保護外(wai)(wai)資(zi)合法權益(yi)。創新對外(wai)(wai)投資(zi)方(fang)式,提升對外(wai)(wai)投資(zi)質量。推(tui)進(jin)國際(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)能合作(zuo),積極(ji)開(kai)展(zhan)第三方(fang)市場合作(zuo)。
(四)積極(ji)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)全球(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)變革。維護完(wan)善多(duo)邊貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi),維護世(shi)界貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)組織(zhi)在多(duo)邊貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)核心地位,積極(ji)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)世(shi)界貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)組織(zhi)改革,積極(ji)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)多(duo)邊貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)規(gui)(gui)則談(tan)判,推動(dong)(dong)(dong)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)和(he)投(tou)資自(zi)由(you)(you)化(hua)便利化(hua),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)更(geng)高水平的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)規(gui)(gui)則。加快自(zi)由(you)(you)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)面向全球(qiu)的(de)高標準(zhun)自(zi)由(you)(you)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)區(qu)(qu)網絡(luo)。依托共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)“一帶(dai)一路(lu)”倡議(yi)及聯合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、上海合作(zuo)組織(zhi)、金磚國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、二十(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)集團、亞太經(jing)合組織(zhi)等多(duo)邊和(he)區(qu)(qu)域次(ci)區(qu)(qu)域合作(zuo)機制(zhi)(zhi),積極(ji)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)全球(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)和(he)公共(gong)產品供給,構建(jian)(jian)(jian)全球(qiu)互聯互通伙(huo)伴關系(xi),加強與(yu)(yu)相關國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)組織(zhi)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)發展倡議(yi)、規(gui)(gui)劃和(he)標準(zhun)的(de)對接(jie)。推動(dong)(dong)(dong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)貨幣基金組織(zhi)份額與(yu)(yu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)改革以(yi)及世(shi)界銀行投(tou)票(piao)權改革。積極(ji)參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)宏觀經(jing)濟(ji)政策溝通協調及國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)經(jing)濟(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)改革和(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she),提出更(geng)多(duo)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)倡議(yi)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)方案。
八、完(wan)善(shan)社會主義市場經濟法(fa)律制度(du),強化法(fa)治(zhi)保障
以(yi)保(bao)護(hu)產(chan)權、維護(hu)契約、統一市場(chang)、平(ping)等交(jiao)換、公(gong)平(ping)競(jing)爭、有(you)(you)效監(jian)管為基本(ben)導向(xiang),不斷(duan)完善社會(hui)主義(yi)市場(chang)經濟法(fa)治體系(xi),確保(bao)有(you)(you)法(fa)可依(yi)、有(you)(you)法(fa)必依(yi)、違(wei)法(fa)必究(jiu)。
(一)完善(shan)經(jing)濟領域法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)體系。完善(shan)物權(quan)、債(zhai)權(quan)、股權(quan)等(deng)各類產權(quan)相關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)制(zhi)度,從(cong)立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)上賦予私有財產和(he)(he)公有財產平(ping)等(deng)地位并平(ping)等(deng)保護(hu)。健(jian)全破產制(zhi)度,改革(ge)完善(shan)企業(ye)破產法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)制(zhi)度,推(tui)動個人(ren)破產立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa),建立(li)(li)健(jian)全金(jin)融機(ji)構市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)退(tui)出(chu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui),實現市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體有序(xu)退(tui)出(chu)。修訂反壟斷法(fa)(fa)(fa),推(tui)動社會信(xin)用法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)建設,維護(hu)公平(ping)競(jing)爭市(shi)(shi)場(chang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)。制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)和(he)(he)完善(shan)發(fa)展規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、國土(tu)空(kong)間規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、自然(ran)資源資產、生態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)、農(nong)業(ye)、財政稅收、金(jin)融、涉外經(jing)貿等(deng)方面法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)。按照包容審慎(shen)原(yuan)則(ze)推(tui)進新(xin)經(jing)濟領域立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。健(jian)全重大(da)改革(ge)特別授(shou)權(quan)機(ji)制(zhi),對涉及調整現行(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)的重大(da)改革(ge),按法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)程序(xu)經(jing)全國人(ren)大(da)或國務院(yuan)統一授(shou)權(quan)后,由有條件的地方先行(xing)(xing)開展改革(ge)試(shi)驗和(he)(he)實踐創新(xin)。
(二)健全執(zhi)法司法對市場經濟運(yun)行(xing)的保障機制(zhi)(zhi)。深化行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改革,最大限度減少不(bu)必要(yao)的行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法事項,規范行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法行(xing)為,進(jin)一步明確具體(ti)操作(zuo)流程。根(gen)據不(bu)同層級政(zheng)府的事權和職能(neng),優化配置執(zhi)法力(li)量,加快(kuai)推進(jin)綜合執(zhi)法。強(qiang)化對市場主體(ti)之間(jian)產權糾紛的公(gong)平裁判,完善(shan)涉及查封、扣押、凍結和處(chu)置公(gong)民(min)財產行(xing)為的法律(lv)制(zhi)(zhi)度。健全涉產權冤錯案件有效防(fang)范和常(chang)態(tai)化糾正機制(zhi)(zhi)。
(三)全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)立(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政權(quan)力(li)制(zhi)約和(he)(he)(he)監(jian)督(du)機(ji)制(zhi)。依法(fa)全(quan)面(mian)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)政府職(zhi)能(neng),推(tui)進(jin)機(ji)構、職(zhi)能(neng)、權(quan)限、程(cheng)序、責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)法(fa)定化(hua),實行(xing)(xing)(xing)政府權(quan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)清單(dan)制(zhi)度。健全(quan)重(zhong)(zhong)大行(xing)(xing)(xing)政決策程(cheng)序制(zhi)度,提高決策質量和(he)(he)(he)效率。加強對政府內部(bu)權(quan)力(li)的制(zhi)約,強化(hua)內部(bu)流程(cheng)控制(zhi),防(fang)止(zhi)權(quan)力(li)濫用。完善審(shen)計制(zhi)度,對公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)資金(jin)、國有資產、國有資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)領(ling)導干部(bu)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)經(jing)濟責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)情況實行(xing)(xing)(xing)審(shen)計全(quan)覆蓋。加強重(zhong)(zhong)大政策、重(zhong)(zhong)大項(xiang)目(mu)財(cai)政承受(shou)能(neng)力(li)評估。推(tui)動審(shen)批監(jian)管、執法(fa)司法(fa)、工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)、資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)、海外投(tou)資和(he)(he)(he)在境外國有資產監(jian)管、金(jin)融信貸、公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)交易、公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)財(cai)政支出等重(zhong)(zhong)點領(ling)域監(jian)督(du)機(ji)制(zhi)改革和(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)度建(jian)設(she)。依法(fa)推(tui)進(jin)財(cai)政預(yu)算、公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配置、重(zhong)(zhong)大建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)批準和(he)(he)(he)實施、社會(hui)公(gong)益事業建(jian)設(she)等領(ling)域政府信息公(gong)開(kai)。
(四)完(wan)善(shan)發(fa)展市場經濟監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)制(zhi)度和監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)機(ji)制(zhi)。堅持(chi)和完(wan)善(shan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和國(guo)家監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)體系,強化(hua)政治監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du),嚴格約束公權力(li)(li),推動落實(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委(黨(dang)(dang)(dang)組)主體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)、書記(ji)第一責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)人責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)、紀(ji)(ji)委監(jian)(jian)委監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。持(chi)之以恒深入推進黨(dang)(dang)(dang)風廉政建設和反(fan)腐(fu)敗斗爭,堅決依規(gui)(gui)依紀(ji)(ji)依法查(cha)處資源、土(tu)地、規(gui)(gui)劃、建設、工程、金(jin)融等領(ling)域腐(fu)敗問題。完(wan)善(shan)監(jian)(jian)察法實(shi)施(shi)制(zhi)度體系,圍繞權力(li)(li)運行各個環(huan)節,壓(ya)減權力(li)(li)設租尋租空(kong)間,堅決破除權錢交易關系網,實(shi)現執規(gui)(gui)執紀(ji)(ji)執法貫通,促(cu)進黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、監(jian)(jian)察監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、行政監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、司(si)法監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、審計監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、財會(hui)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、統計監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、群(qun)眾監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)、輿(yu)論監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)協同(tong)發(fa)力(li)(li),推動社會(hui)主義(yi)市場經濟健康發(fa)展。
九、堅(jian)持和加強(qiang)黨(dang)的全面(mian)領導(dao),確保改革舉措有(you)效實施(shi)
發揮黨(dang)(dang)總(zong)攬全局、協調(diao)各方的(de)領導核心作用,把(ba)黨(dang)(dang)領導經濟工作的(de)制度優勢轉化為治理效(xiao)能,強(qiang)化改革(ge)落地見效(xiao),推動經濟體制改革(ge)不斷走深走實。
(一(yi))堅持和加強(qiang)黨的(de)領導(dao)。進一(yi)步增強(qiang)“四(si)個意識”、堅定(ding)“四(si)個自信(xin)”、做(zuo)到“兩個維護”,從戰略和全(quan)(quan)局高(gao)度(du)深(shen)刻認識加快完善社(she)會(hui)主義市(shi)場經濟體(ti)制的(de)重大意義,把黨的(de)領導(dao)貫穿于(yu)深(shen)化經濟體(ti)制改(gai)(gai)革(ge)和加快完善社(she)會(hui)主義市(shi)場經濟體(ti)制全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng),貫穿于(yu)謀劃改(gai)(gai)革(ge)思路、制定(ding)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)方案、推進改(gai)(gai)革(ge)實(shi)施等各環節(jie),確保改(gai)(gai)革(ge)始終沿著正(zheng)確方向前進。
(二(er))健全改革推進(jin)機制。各地區(qu)各部門(men)要(yao)按照本意見要(yao)求并結(jie)合(he)自身實際(ji),制定完善配套政策或實施(shi)措施(shi)。從國情(qing)出發,堅持問(wen)題導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)、目(mu)標導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)和結(jie)果導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)相統一(yi),按照系統集成、協同高效要(yao)求縱深(shen)推進(jin),在精(jing)準(zhun)實施(shi)、精(jing)準(zhun)落實上(shang)下足功(gong)夫,把落實黨中央要(yao)求、滿(man)足實踐需要(yao)、符合(he)基(ji)(ji)層期盼(pan)統一(yi)起來(lai),克服形式主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)、官(guan)僚主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi),一(yi)個領域一(yi)個領域盯住(zhu)抓落實。將頂層設計(ji)與基(ji)(ji)層探(tan)索結(jie)合(he)起來(lai),充分(fen)發揮(hui)(hui)基(ji)(ji)層首創精(jing)神,發揮(hui)(hui)經濟特區(qu)、自由(you)貿易(yi)試驗區(qu)(自由(you)貿易(yi)港)的先行(xing)先試作用。
(三)完(wan)善改(gai)革(ge)激勵機制(zhi)。健全改(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)正向(xiang)(xiang)激勵體系(xi),強(qiang)化(hua)敢于擔當、攻堅克難的(de)(de)用人導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang),注重(zhong)在(zai)改(gai)革(ge)一線考察識別(bie)干部,把(ba)那(nei)些具有改(gai)革(ge)創新(xin)意識、勇于改(gai)革(ge)、善謀改(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)干部用起(qi)來。鞏固黨風廉政建(jian)設成果(guo),推(tui)動構建(jian)親清政商關系(xi)。建(jian)立健全改(gai)革(ge)容錯(cuo)糾錯(cuo)機制(zhi),正確把(ba)握(wo)干部在(zai)改(gai)革(ge)創新(xin)中出現(xian)失誤錯(cuo)誤的(de)(de)性質和影響,切實(shi)保護干部干事創業的(de)(de)積(ji)極性。加強(qiang)對改(gai)革(ge)典型案例、改(gai)革(ge)成效(xiao)的(de)(de)總結推(tui)廣和宣傳報道,按規(gui)定給予表彰激勵,為改(gai)革(ge)營造良好輿論(lun)環(huan)境和社會氛圍。