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近日能源局發布(bu)了第(di)五(wu)批增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)業務改革(ge)試點項(xiang)目申(shen)報(bao)通知(zhi)，這份通知(zhi)既是(shi)意料(liao)之(zhi)中又顯得有些突然。第(di)五(wu)批增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)業務改革(ge)試點申(shen)報(bao)材料(liao)說(shuo)明包括項(xiang)目名稱、所(suo)在區域、建設規模(mo)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)、供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)范圍（面積）、年(nian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)、投資(zi)規模(mo)、屬(shu)于增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網還是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公(gong)司(si)以(yi)外的(de)(de)存(cun)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)資(zi)產(chan)、是(shi)否(fou)涉及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)存(cun)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)資(zi)產(chan)等，其(qi)要求基本(ben)與第(di)四批申(shen)報(bao)時(shi)(shi)相(xiang)同，同時(shi)(shi)最后(hou)也將(jiang)通過第(di)三方專(zhuan)家工(gong)作組進行試點項(xiang)目的(de)(de)評估。但從這份簡短(duan)的(de)(de)通知(zhi)里，卻能反(fan)映增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)改革(ge)積極的(de)(de)信號。

第五批申報通知的積極信號

1.是讓市場堅定增量配電改革信心的強心劑

目(mu)前增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)已(yi)經開(kai)展了(le)四(si)批(pi)次共計(ji)404個試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)，但是限(xian)于(yu)客(ke)觀的(de)(de)工程項(xiang)目(mu)建設周期以及(ji)業(ye)主確認(ren)、區域劃分(fen)(fen)、電(dian)(dian)價結算等關(guan)(guan)鍵問(wen)題博弈(yi)等因(yin)素，使得試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)落地(di)周期較(jiao)長，沒有達到部分(fen)(fen)市(shi)場(chang)預期。再加上10月22日發(fa)改(gai)委印發(fa)的(de)(de)《關(guan)(guan)于(yu)取消部分(fen)(fen)地(di)區增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)的(de)(de)通(tong)知(zhi)》取消了(le)24個增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)資格，雖然部分(fen)(fen)項(xiang)目(mu)因(yin)為本身條件缺陷導致試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)資格取消屬于(yu)非常正常的(de)(de)現(xian)象，但也使得市(shi)場(chang)彌漫(man)了(le)一(yi)些盲目(mu)悲(bei)觀情緒(xu)。增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)還會不會有下一(yi)批(pi)成為了(le)市(shi)場(chang)普遍關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)問(wen)題。而(er)第五(wu)批(pi)增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)申報通(tong)知(zhi)的(de)(de)發(fa)布，無疑(yi)說明了(le)增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)毫不動搖的(de)(de)決(jue)心(xin)，而(er)在這關(guan)(guan)鍵時(shi)期，通(tong)知(zhi)的(de)(de)發(fa)布更(geng)是市(shi)場(chang)堅定增(zeng)(zeng)量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)信心(xin)的(de)(de)強心(xin)劑。

2.是增量配電試點申報長效機制建立的端倪

回顧第四批試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，始于(yu)2018年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)底，《國(guo)家發展(zhan)改(gai)革委辦(ban)公廳國(guo)家能(neng)源(yuan)局綜合(he)司(si)關(guan)于(yu)請報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)送第四批增(zeng)量配電業(ye)務(wu)改(gai)革試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)通知》（發改(gai)辦(ban)運行〔2018〕1673號）指出，各單位(wei)需(xu)在2019年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)20日前(qian)上(shang)(shang)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)第四批試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)。而(er)(er)本(ben)次(ci)第五批試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，據第四批上(shang)(shang)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)時(shi)(shi)間間隔差不多正好(hao)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)。而(er)(er)更關(guan)鍵的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，本(ben)次(ci)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)備時(shi)(shi)間，足足有兩個月(yue)(yue)(yue)時(shi)(shi)間（要求2019年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)31日前(qian)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)送），是(shi)(shi)歷批次(ci)試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)時(shi)(shi)間最充裕的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)。另外，從申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)文件的(de)(de)(de)要求來看，也充分結合(he)了前(qian)幾次(ci)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)以(yi)及(ji)后續工作的(de)(de)(de)經驗，包括(kuo)相(xiang)關(guan)意見的(de)(de)(de)取得以(yi)及(ji)第三方評(ping)估(gu)機制等(deng)。增(zeng)量配電試(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)申(shen)(shen)(shen)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，正逐(zhu)步形(xing)成一(yi)(yi)套(tao)較為(wei)規范(fan)、穩(wen)定、配套(tao)的(de)(de)(de)體系。

3.是增量配電試點項目更加科學的信號

增量配(pei)電(dian)試(shi)點項目(mu)(mu)(mu)前期(qi)論(lun)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)是否充分，是試(shi)點項目(mu)(mu)(mu)能否最終成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)關鍵之一。而試(shi)點申報(bao)(bao)則是前期(qi)論(lun)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中最重要(yao)一環(huan)，因為它直接決定了這(zhe)個項目(mu)(mu)(mu)啟動與否。本次(ci)(ci)試(shi)點申報(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)準備(bei)時間(jian)(jian)足(zu)足(zu)有(you)兩個月(yue)，是歷批次(ci)(ci)試(shi)點申報(bao)(bao)時間(jian)(jian)最充裕(yu)的(de)(de)(de)一次(ci)(ci)，這(zhe)給了各方參與主(zhu)體更加充裕(yu)的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)(jian)進(jin)行項目(mu)(mu)(mu)前期(qi)論(lun)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)準備(bei)，這(zhe)是非常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)。雖然申報(bao)(bao)文件僅僅要(yao)求簡單的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料說明，但例如(ru)建(jian)設規模、電(dian)壓等(deng)級、供(gong)電(dian)范(fan)圍等(deng)內容背后(hou)實(shi)則隱含了許多重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，例如(ru)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)步建(jian)設規劃(hua)方案、投資效益評估、投資邊(bian)界分析等(deng)等(deng)。只有(you)扎(zha)實(shi)做(zuo)好了相(xiang)關基礎(chu)論(lun)證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)才能給出科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)點申報(bao)(bao)方案，從而提高試(shi)點項目(mu)(mu)(mu)成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)概(gai)率。

試點申報的建議

1.嚴肅對待國家級試點項目的申請

增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)改革已經(jing)進行三年(nian)多，各方對增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)也(ye)有了更多認知和經(jing)驗(yan)。增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)改革試點(dian)項目申報(bao)不是一時(shi)沖動，而應在充(chong)分(fen)準備(bei)的基礎(chu)上進行。今年(nian)10月份(fen)24個增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)改革試點(dian)項目試點(dian)資(zi)格的取消就充(chong)分(fen)說明了問題。與其糊里糊涂(tu)開始或者抱著走一步算一步的心態，不如從一開始就嚴肅認真對待增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)試點(dian)的申報(bao)工作。

2.充分做好試點論證及申報準備工作

雖(sui)然申(shen)報(bao)文件僅(jin)僅(jin)要求(qiu)簡單的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)說明，但例如(ru)建設規(gui)(gui)模(mo)、電壓等級(ji)、供電范圍等內容(rong)，背后(hou)實則隱藏了許(xu)多重要的(de)(de)(de)工作，例如(ru)配電網的(de)(de)(de)初步建設規(gui)(gui)劃方(fang)案、投資(zi)效益評估、投資(zi)邊界分析等等。前幾批的(de)(de)(de)申(shen)報(bao)材(cai)料(liao)，不乏前后(hou)矛盾或是嚴(yan)重不符(fu)合(he)(he)電力客觀(guan)發展規(gui)(gui)律的(de)(de)(de)申(shen)報(bao)材(cai)料(liao)，浮(fu)夸的(de)(de)(de)申(shen)報(bao)材(cai)料(liao)也給試(shi)(shi)點(dian)后(hou)期推動造成了一定困難。在(zai)扎(zha)實做好規(gui)(gui)劃、可行性(xing)研(yan)究等項目(mu)前期論(lun)證工作的(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)，給出科學(xue)合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)申(shen)報(bao)方(fang)案，不僅(jin)能提高(gao)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)獲(huo)批的(de)(de)(de)概率(lv)，更能提高(gao)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)項目(mu)最終成功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)概率(lv)。

3.存量配電項目仍然有較大優勢

前幾批的(de)工作(zuo)經驗來看，存(cun)量配電資(zi)產(chan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)在負荷發展、投資(zi)主體、區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)劃分、接入方案(an)等不確定性風險上明(ming)顯小于(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)的(de)配電網(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，這(zhe)類項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)無疑更有優勢。但是(shi)仍然不能排除(chu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)的(de)優質配電項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，在負荷發展較(jiao)為明(ming)確且外(wai)部環(huan)境較(jiao)好的(de)地區(qu)(qu)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)配網(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)發展潛(qian)力(li)也是(shi)巨大的(de)。