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“今年前三季度，我國能源生產消費逐步回升，煤電油氣供需銜接平穩有序，為疫情防控和經濟社會穩定恢復提供了有力支撐。”這是10月30日本報從國家能源局舉辦的四季度網上新聞發布會上了解到。

能源消費全面回升 能源供給有力有效

從消費(fei)(fei)(fei)側看，進(jin)入(ru)三季(ji)度，國內消費(fei)(fei)(fei)需求(qiu)繼(ji)續(xu)恢復，帶動能源消費(fei)(fei)(fei)全面回升。前(qian)三季(ji)度累計(ji)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長約(yue)1.3%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)較(jiao)上半年(nian)提(ti)(ti)高2.6個(ge)百分點(dian)(dian)。其中，二(er)產(chan)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)的(de)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)達到9.9%、8.6%，對當月(yue)(yue)(yue)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)貢獻率達到83%、75%，是(shi)拉(la)動電(dian)力(li)消費(fei)(fei)(fei)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)主要力(li)量；一產(chan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)在(zai)(zai)各項(xiang)強農惠農政策的(de)推動下(xia)，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)保持在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)高水平，前(qian)三季(ji)度同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長9.6%；三產(chan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)份增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)達到7.5%，創(chuang)今年(nian)新高，前(qian)三季(ji)度累計(ji)同(tong)比下(xia)降0.2%，降幅較(jiao)上半年(nian)收窄3.8個(ge)百分點(dian)(dian)。天(tian)然氣消費(fei)(fei)(fei)自3月(yue)(yue)(yue)份起(qi)，不僅月(yue)(yue)(yue)度消費(fei)(fei)(fei)量保持正增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長，且增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)逐季(ji)提(ti)(ti)高。而(er)隨著居(ju)民出(chu)行增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)多，交通運(yun)輸及基建用(yong)(yong)油延續(xu)也呈(cheng)穩步回升態(tai)勢，三季(ji)度成品(pin)油消費(fei)(fei)(fei)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比二(er)季(ji)度提(ti)(ti)高約(yue)12個(ge)百分點(dian)(dian)。

從生(sheng)(sheng)產側看(kan)，國家能源(yuan)局積極組織能源(yuan)企業統籌(chou)推進疫(yi)情(qing)防控(kong)和安全生(sheng)(sheng)產，確保了能源(yuan)供(gong)(gong)給(gei)有(you)(you)力(li)有(you)(you)效。油氣生(sheng)(sheng)產持續(xu)增(zeng)長。前三(san)季度，原油產量1.46億噸(dun)，同(tong)比增(zeng)長1.7%；天然氣產量1371億立方米，同(tong)比增(zeng)長8.7%。煤炭(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)產平穩有(you)(you)序(xu)。前三(san)季度，煤炭(tan)產量27.9億噸(dun)，同(tong)比小幅下降0.1%。電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)應安全穩定。前三(san)季度，6000千瓦及以上發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)規(gui)模(mo)同(tong)比增(zeng)長5.6%。其中風電(dian)(dian)和太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)規(gui)模(mo)同(tong)比分別增(zeng)長13.1%和15.0%；清潔(jie)能源(yuan)消納持續(xu)好轉，風電(dian)(dian)、光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)利用率分別達到96.6%、98.3%，同(tong)比上升0.8、0.2個百分點(dian)。

可再生能源平穩發展 清潔能源消納持續好轉

能源消費的回升也促進了可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能源的發展，其裝機規模穩步擴(kuo)大。截至9月(yue)底，我國(guo)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能源發電(dian)(dian)裝機達到8.37億千瓦，同比增長9.6%。前三季度，可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能源發電(dian)(dian)量達15305億千瓦時，同比增長約6.5%。其中：

水(shui)電(dian)(dian)方面(mian)，前(qian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)新增(zeng)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)并(bing)網(wang)容量(liang)(liang)827萬千瓦，新增(zeng)裝機(ji)較多的(de)(de)省(sheng)份為(wei)四川、云(yun)南(nan)和安徽，占全(quan)(quan)(quan)部(bu)新增(zeng)裝機(ji)的(de)(de)57.2%。截至(zhi)2020年9月(yue)底，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)容量(liang)(liang)約3.65億(yi)(yi)千瓦。前(qian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)9025億(yi)(yi)千瓦時(shi)，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)1.0%。水(shui)電(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)排名(ming)前(qian)五位的(de)(de)省(sheng)(區)依次為(wei)四川、云(yun)南(nan)、湖北、貴(gui)州和湖南(nan)，其合計水(shui)電(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)占全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)73.1%。前(qian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)平均利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)時(shi)數為(wei)2894小(xiao)時(shi)，同(tong)比減(jian)少9小(xiao)時(shi)。前(qian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)主要流域棄水(shui)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)約242億(yi)(yi)千瓦時(shi)，較同(tong)期減(jian)少37億(yi)(yi)千瓦時(shi)，水(shui)能利(li)用(yong)率(lv)約96.4%，同(tong)比提高0.7個百分點。

風(feng)(feng)電方(fang)面，前三(san)季度(du)(du)全(quan)國風(feng)(feng)電新(xin)增并網裝(zhuang)機1392萬千瓦(wa)，其中陸上(shang)風(feng)(feng)電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)機1234萬千瓦(wa)、海上(shang)風(feng)(feng)電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)機158萬千瓦(wa)。從新(xin)增裝(zhuang)機分(fen)布看(kan)，中東部和南方(fang)地區占(zhan)比約49%，“三(san)北”地區占(zhan)51%，風(feng)(feng)電開發(fa)(fa)布局進一步優化。前三(san)季度(du)(du)，全(quan)國風(feng)(feng)電發(fa)(fa)電量3317億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)比增長13.8%；平均(jun)利用小時數1546小時。前三(san)季度(du)(du)，全(quan)國棄風(feng)(feng)電量約116億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，平均(jun)棄風(feng)(feng)率3.4%，較去年同(tong)期有所(suo)改善，同(tong)比下降0.8個百分(fen)點(dian)。

光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電方面，前三(san)季度，全國光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)新增裝(zhuang)機1870萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，其中(zhong)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電站1004萬千(qian)瓦(wa)、分(fen)布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)866萬千(qian)瓦(wa)。截至2020年9月底，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電累計裝(zhuang)機2.23億千(qian)瓦(wa)。前三(san)季度，全國光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電量(liang)2005億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)16.9%；全國光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)平均(jun)利用小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數916小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增加(jia)6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。前三(san)季度，全國棄光(guang)(guang)(guang)電量(liang)約34.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，平均(jun)棄光(guang)(guang)(guang)率1.7%，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)0.2個百分(fen)點。棄光(guang)(guang)(guang)主要集中(zhong)在西藏(zang)、青海和新疆。

生(sheng)物(wu)質發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)領域，前(qian)三季度生(sheng)物(wu)質發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)247萬千瓦，累計裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)達到2617萬千瓦，同比增(zeng)長20.3%；2020年前(qian)三季度生(sheng)物(wu)質發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量958億千瓦時，同比增(zeng)長19.1%，繼續保持穩步(bu)增(zeng)長勢頭。累計裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)排名前(qian)五(wu)位的省(sheng)份是山東(dong)、廣(guang)東(dong)、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)(jiang)和安徽(hui)，新(xin)增(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)較多的省(sheng)份是河(he)南(nan)、廣(guang)東(dong)、山東(dong)、江(jiang)(jiang)西和安徽(hui)，年發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量排名前(qian)五(wu)位的省(sheng)份是廣(guang)東(dong)、山東(dong)、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)(jiang)和安徽(hui)。