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電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)中(zhong)長期(qi)合同(tong)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體規(gui)避市(shi)(shi)場(chang)風險、平抑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)價格、保(bao)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供應(ying)的(de)(de)重要手段，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)穩定高效(xiao)運行起到“壓(ya)艙石”作(zuo)用。近(jin)日，國(guo)家發展改革委堅(jian)持以習近(jin)平新時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)特色社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思(si)想為(wei)指導，全面貫(guan)徹黨的(de)(de)十(shi)九大(da)和十(shi)九屆二(er)中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四(si)中(zhong)全會(hui)精(jing)神，認真落實中(zhong)央經濟(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)議決策部署，印發了《關于做好2020年電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)中(zhong)長期(qi)合同(tong)簽訂工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)通(tong)知(zhi)》（發改運行〔2019〕1982號(hao)，以下簡稱《通(tong)知(zhi)》）。

這是新一輪電力(li)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改革(ge)以來(lai)完善電力(li)批發(fa)市場的(de)一份重要文件，有(you)利于進一步建立(li)健全電力(li)市場化(hua)交易機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，確保中長期市場與現(xian)貨市場的(de)有(you)效銜接，為深入推進電力(li)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改革(ge)奠(dian)定堅實基礎。

《通(tong)(tong)知》對抓緊簽(qian)訂2020年電力中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)工作作出了詳細(xi)規定(ding)，要(yao)(yao)求市場主體在(zai)(zai)簽(qian)訂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到有(you)(you)(you)量(liang)、有(you)(you)(you)價(jia)、有(you)(you)(you)曲線。有(you)(you)(you)量(liang)，就(jiu)(jiu)是要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)市場主體電力中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)電量(liang)不低于(yu)上一年用電量(liang)95%或近三(san)年平(ping)(ping)均用電量(liang)，簽(qian)約達不到要(yao)(yao)求的，不能(neng)成為(wei)現貨市場交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)主體；有(you)(you)(you)價(jia)，就(jiu)(jiu)是要(yao)(yao)鼓(gu)(gu)勵在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)明(ming)確(que)(que)“基準(zhun)價(jia)+浮動(dong)價(jia)”的價(jia)格機制；有(you)(you)(you)曲線，就(jiu)(jiu)是要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)明(ming)確(que)(que)約定(ding)電力負荷曲線，鼓(gu)(gu)勵通(tong)(tong)過交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)平(ping)(ping)臺開展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)電力曲線交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)，確(que)(que)保(bao)與現貨市場做(zuo)好銜(xian)接。

《通知》將各省(sheng)級電網典型電力(li)(li)負(fu)荷(he)(he)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)作為(wei)附件印發，同時也鼓勵各地電力(li)(li)主(zhu)(zhu)管部門(men)提供(gong)更多(duo)行業(ye)或(huo)地區的電力(li)(li)負(fu)荷(he)(he)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)，供(gong)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)簽約時參考；鼓勵相關市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)、電能(neng)服務機構等提供(gong)更細更精準電力(li)(li)負(fu)荷(he)(he)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)，幫助市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)更好參與(yu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易。

《通知》主要包括以下幾方面內容：

（一(yi)）抓(zhua)緊簽訂(ding)2020年(nian)電力(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。要求盡快完成2020年(nian)電力(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)簽訂(ding)工作，鼓勵市(shi)場(chang)主體在簽訂(ding)電力(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，按(an)照國家(jia)規定的合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)示(shi)(shi)范(fan)文(wen)本要求，參考應用《電力(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)易合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)示(shi)(shi)范(fan)文(wen)本（試行）》，各地可(ke)分(fen)發(fa)電類型、分(fen)用戶行業細化(hua)研究制定并推(tui)廣合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)示(shi)(shi)范(fan)文(wen)本。

（二）完善中長(chang)(chang)期(qi)市場帶電力(li)(li)負荷曲線(xian)(xian)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)機制。2020年電力(li)(li)中長(chang)(chang)期(qi)合(he)同(tong)應約定電力(li)(li)負荷曲線(xian)(xian)或曲線(xian)(xian)形(xing)成(cheng)方式，探索(suo)帶曲線(xian)(xian)開展平臺集中交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)，促進(jin)中長(chang)(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)的及時完整(zheng)交(jiao)(jiao)割。中長(chang)(chang)期(qi)合(he)同(tong)電力(li)(li)負荷曲線(xian)(xian)可靈活調(diao)整(zheng)，為(wei)提升中長(chang)(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)比(bi)例提供高效的糾偏手(shou)段。

（三）努力實現電(dian)力中長(chang)期合同高(gao)比例簽約。起步階段，應采(cai)取有(you)效措施保證(zheng)市(shi)場(chang)主體電(dian)力中長(chang)期合同電(dian)量不(bu)低于上一年用電(dian)量95%或(huo)近三年的平(ping)均(jun)用電(dian)量，簽約達(da)不(bu)到要求的不(bu)能成為現貨市(shi)場(chang)交易(yi)主體。鼓勵市(shi)場(chang)主體及時、高(gao)比例簽約，相關簽約信(xin)息定期對外披露，依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)納入信(xin)用監管。

（四）理順(shun)電力中長(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)易價(jia)(jia)格(ge)機(ji)(ji)制。嚴格(ge)執行國家核(he)定的(de)(de)(de)輸配電價(jia)(jia)，電力直接交(jiao)(jiao)易中市場(chang)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)電價(jia)(jia)格(ge)由電能量價(jia)(jia)格(ge)、輸配電價(jia)(jia)格(ge)、政府性(xing)基(ji)金(jin)及附加構成。鼓勵市場(chang)主體協商(shang)簽訂中長(chang)期(qi)合(he)同時(shi)，采用(yong)靈(ling)活可浮動的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)機(ji)(ji)制，理順(shun)和打(da)通電力及其上下游行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)市場(chang)化(hua)形(xing)成機(ji)(ji)制。

（五）明(ming)確未簽足(zu)合(he)同(tong)(tong)和未簽合(he)同(tong)(tong)市(shi)場主體的權(quan)責義(yi)務。對于未足(zu)額簽訂(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力中長(chang)期合(he)同(tong)(tong)，被(bei)(bei)限(xian)制參(can)與現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)交(jiao)易的市(shi)場主體，其中長(chang)期合(he)同(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)與實際(ji)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的偏差，按市(shi)場規則進行(xing)偏差考核；未參(can)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場的用(yong)戶由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業負責保(bao)底供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)執行(xing)目錄價格(ge)(ge)。未簽訂(ding)年度合(he)同(tong)(tong)且連續3個月無新增(zeng)中長(chang)期交(jiao)易成(cheng)交(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公司(si)、市(shi)場化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用(yong)戶，暫停當年后續月份現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)交(jiao)易申報(bao)（含被(bei)(bei)動(dong)接受現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)價格(ge)(ge)）資格(ge)(ge)。