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根據《關于推進"互聯網+"智慧能源發展的指導意見》的內容，能源互聯網顯然不僅僅限于電力，也包括煤炭、石油、天然氣等一次能源。但相比較而言，電能在能源傳輸與轉換等方面都具有其它能源所無法比擬的綜合優勢。電力天然具有比較好的互聯互通物理基礎，建設智能電網的基礎設施的也最為完備，因此能源互聯網將以電力互聯網為主。而相對于其它一次能源互聯網絡，電力互聯網的構建已然較為緊迫，是當前社會發展的必然結果。

借鑒互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)理念，可將電力能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)分為(wei)三(san)個層次，即實(shi)體(ti)層，數據信息層和(he)(he)運(yun)營平臺層。在(zai)實(shi)體(ti)網(wang)(wang)層面(mian)，以電力網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)為(wei)主體(ti)，涵蓋電力能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的生產、傳輸、消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)、儲存和(he)(he)轉換的整個產業(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)；在(zai)數據信息層面(mian)，將采用(yong)(yong)基(ji)于廣泛傳感器的物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)、大(da)數據、云計算、人工智能(neng)(neng)等信息技(ji)術，為(wei)電力能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)生產、傳輸、消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)、儲存和(he)(he)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)的整個產業(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)提供信息支(zhi)撐(cheng)；在(zai)運(yun)營平臺層面(mian)，則(ze)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)思維，以用(yong)(yong)戶為(wei)中心，在(zai)整個能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)鏈(lian)(lian)上提供運(yun)營增(zeng)值(zhi)業(ye)務以及解決方案，最終為(wei)產業(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)實(shi)體(ti)各個企業(ye)提高(gao)效率，增(zeng)加收(shou)益服務。

電力能源互聯網核心價值分析

能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)不僅僅是(shi)(shi)基于(yu)(yu)上述互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)架構(gou)，完成各個(ge)層級、各個(ge)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)通，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)力(li)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)交換(huan)。更(geng)重要(yao)的(de)是(shi)(shi)，能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)還將借(jie)助物聯網(wang)(wang)、大(da)(da)數(shu)據、云計(ji)算、人工智能(neng)等(deng)新興信息(xi)技術，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)力(li)生產、傳輸及消費大(da)(da)數(shu)據的(de)深度挖(wa)掘，幫助發電(dian)(dian)廠合理安排生產、電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建設必(bi)要(yao)的(de)輸配電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)、電(dian)(dian)力(li)消費者(zhe)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)最大(da)(da)經濟(ji)效益、政(zheng)府部門制定更(geng)科(ke)學(xue)的(de)碳排放指(zhi)標(biao)。此外，能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)還將產生全(quan)新的(de)商業模式，帶來基于(yu)(yu)實體經濟(ji)的(de)增(zeng)值服務，并引入互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)金(jin)融(rong)，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)力(li)供應(ying)方、服務方、使用(yong)方、增(zeng)值業務方等(deng)多個(ge)團(tuan)體之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)資金(jin)結算。

簡(jian)單(dan)而言(yan)，構建能源互聯網的核(he)心就是建設一個集能源交換(huan)、數據交換(huan)和資金交換(huan)為一體(ti)的三合(he)一平臺。

在(zai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)交換方(fang)面，傳(chuan)統的(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統采取集中(zhong)生產、大(da)規模(mo)遠(yuan)距離輸送的(de)方(fang)式將能(neng)(neng)量輸送給眾多終(zhong)端用戶，資(zi)金投入大(da)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)損耗(hao)高。能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯(lian)網則致力(li)于打造大(da)量分(fen)布式、較少(shao)集中(zhong)式的(de)互動型能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)網絡，按照(zhao)用戶需求(qiu)和當地資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)對能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)進行(xing)優化配置。

分布式能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)主要利(li)用(yong)當地可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源就近(jin)進行發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、采暖等，實現對能(neng)(neng)(neng)源的(de)(de)梯(ti)級利(li)用(yong)，提(ti)(ti)高能(neng)(neng)(neng)源利(li)用(yong)效率。發(fa)出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)首先(xian)通(tong)過微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)提(ti)(ti)供給用(yong)戶自用(yong)，無需(xu)進行遠(yuan)距離輸送(song)(song)，顯著降低(di)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源損耗率。多(duo)余的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)再輸送(song)(song)給當地配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，完成(cheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)分配(pei)。當分布式能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)無法滿足用(yong)戶自用(yong)需(xu)求(qiu)時，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)可向微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)輸送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)再提(ti)(ti)供給終端用(yong)戶使用(yong)。由此，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源在(zai)(zai)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)、微(wei)網(wang)(wang)和分布式能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)中(zhong)實現了雙向流動，完成(cheng)了在(zai)(zai)網(wang)(wang)絡中(zhong)的(de)(de)交(jiao)換。

在數據(ju)交(jiao)換方面，能源互(hu)聯網在對(dui)能源進行(xing)搜集(ji)、存儲和利用(yong)(yong)的過程(cheng)中(zhong)積累起大(da)量的能源數據(ju)，相關各(ge)方可利用(yong)(yong)這些數據(ju)指導(dao)自身(shen)行(xing)為，提(ti)高能源利用(yong)(yong)效率。

在(zai)資金(jin)交換(huan)方(fang)面(mian)，通過能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)，未來每個用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)都可(ke)能(neng)(neng)成為(wei)售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)，同時(shi)(shi)具有(you)賣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和買電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)需求。借(jie)助(zhu)分布式能(neng)(neng)量采(cai)集裝(zhuang)置，終端(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶可(ke)自主(zhu)(zhu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)選擇將多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)并(bing)入當地配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)通過交易平臺進行銷(xiao)售。當自主(zhu)(zhu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)無法滿(man)足需求時(shi)(shi)，終端(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶可(ke)從交易平臺中買電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。隨著分布式能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)儲(chu)存(cun)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)逐漸普及，終端(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低谷時(shi)(shi)以(yi)低價(jia)購電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)存(cun)儲(chu)起來，并(bing)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高峰時(shi)(shi)以(yi)高價(jia)將它(ta)們賣給有(you)需要的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶。能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)有(you)助(zhu)于將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)轉變(bian)成一種可(ke)以(yi)任意(yi)買賣的(de)(de)普通商品，推動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)的(de)(de)市場化進程。